Johannes de Stokem

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Johannes de Stokem ( Stockem, Stokhem, Jean de Prato alias Stochem ) (* around 1445 in Stokkem , then in the Prince Diocese of Liège (?); † October 2 or 3, 1487 in Rome ) was a Franco-Flemish composer , singer and cleric the early Renaissance .

Live and act

So far, music historical research has not been able to gain any knowledge about the family of origin or the early years of Johannes de Stokem. He is first mentioned as "duodenus" at the cathedral Saint-Lambert in Liège in 1455. At this church he stayed for a large part of his career as a priest and gradually rose in the hierarchy, so that he 1471-1474 the rank of one "Duodenatus mutatus" held. During this time he was able to collect more and more favorable benefits. In 1478 he became a canon of the Petit-Table, succeeding Henricus de Prato, with whom he may have been related.

A new life began for Johannes de Stokem in 1481 with his appointment as Kapellmeister of the Court Chapel in Buda by I. Matthias Corvinus , king of Hungary (1458-1490 tenure). There is no definite indication of the way in which the king became aware of Stokem; Music historians suspect that the composer and music theorist Johannes Tinctoris made a connection here after being the music educator of Beatrix of Aragón, the wife of the Hungarian king. Tinctoris apparently valued Stokem very much; Stokem received excerpts from his treatise De inventione et usu musicae from him after dedicating it to him in 1487. Stokem has significantly enhanced the reputation of the Hungarian court orchestra; Bartholomeus Maraschi, the conductor of the papal chapel in Rome, compared it with his institution in a letter from 1483.

Why Stokem left the Hungarian court orchestra again in 1486 is unknown. He went to Italy and worked for two months as a singer at the Church of Sanctissima Annunziata in Florence . Then he turned to Rome and entered the papal chapel there; There is evidence of this from September 1486 to January 1487 and again in September 1487. On October 2nd or 3rd, 1487 Johannes de Stokem died in Rome.

meaning

After a substantial part of Stoke's compositions has been lost, an appreciation of his work can only refer to the remaining compositions. Some of his chansons , which are mainly processing of already existing melodies, do not have a particularly original inspiration, but show real contrapuntal inventiveness. This ability, which was already shown in the rondeau “Ha! traitre amours ”is recognizable, comes to full fruition in the duo“ Ave maris stella ”. The fact that his chansons were printed by Petrucci speaks for their popularity. All in all, the few and posthumous musical testimonies can hardly be reconciled with the image of a musician who had made such a brilliant career.

Works

  • Spiritual works
    • Gloria de beata Virgine to four votes
    • “Ave maris stella” for two voices
  • Secular works (chansons)
    • Brunette to five votes
    • "Ha! traitre amours ”to three votes
    • “Hélas ce n'est pas” to four voices
    • “J'ay pris mon bourdon” to four voices
    • “Je suis d'Alemagne” with four votes
    • “Pourquoy je ne puis dire” / “Vray dieu d'amour” with four voices
    • “Serviteur soye” to four votes

literature

  • Robert Eitner:  Stokhem, Joannes . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 36, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, p. 324.
  • J. Quitin: Les Maîtres de chant de la cathédrale St. Lambert à Liège aux XVe et XVIe siècles , in: Revue belge de musicologie No. 8, 1954, pages 5-18
  • E. Haraszti: Les Musiciens de Mathias Corvin et de Béatrice d'Aragon , in: La Musique instrumentale de la Renaissance, edited by J. Jacquot, Paris 1955, pages 35-59
  • A. Seay: An "Ave maris stella" by Johannes Stochem , in: Revue belge de musicologie No. 11, 1957, pages 93-108
  • Fr. D'Accone: Some Neglected Composers in the Florentine Chapels, ca.1475-1525 , in: Viator No. 1, 1970, pages 263-288
  • BJ Blackburn: A Lost Guide to Tinctoris's Teachings Recovered , in: Early Music History No. 1, 1981, pp. 29-116
  • Pamela Starr: Josquin, Rome, and a Case of Mistaken Identity , in: The Journal of Musicology No. 15, 1997, pp. 43-65
  • C. Saucier: Sacred Music and Musicians at the Cathedral and Collegiate Churches of Liege, 1330-1500 , dissertation at the University of Chicago 2005

Web links

swell

  1. ^ The Music in Past and Present (MGG), Person Part Volume 15, Bärenreiter Verlag Kassel and Basel 2006, ISBN 3-7618-1135-7
  2. ^ The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, edited by Stanley Sadie, Macmillan Publishers 1980, ISBN 978-0-333-23111-1
personal data
SURNAME Stokem, Johannes de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Stockem, Johannes de; Stokhem, Johannes de; Prato alias Stochem, Jean de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Franco-Flemish composer and singer of the early Renaissance
DATE OF BIRTH around 1445
PLACE OF BIRTH uncertain: Stockem near Liège
DATE OF DEATH October 2, 1487 or October 3, 1487
Place of death Rome