John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford

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John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford ( November 23, 1306 - January 20, 1336 ) was an English magnate .

Origin and youth

John de Bohun came from the Anglo-Norman family Bohun . He was the second but eldest surviving son of Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, and of Elizabeth , the youngest daughter of King Edward I and Eleanor of Castile . His father fell in the Despenser War in 1322 as a rebel against King Edward II in the battle of Boroughbridge and was expropriated posthumously . John was held in mild custody at Windsor Castle with two of his younger brothers and two sons of the rebel Roger Mortimer of Wigmore .

Confidante of King Edward III.

Only after the fall of King Edward II at the end of 1326 was John free. He received his father's extensive estates and the titles Earl of Essex and Earl of Hereford back. In January 1327 he was one of the nobles who swore allegiance to the heir to the throne Edward and Queen Isabelle in the London Guildhall . Before the coronation of Edward III. on February 1, 1327, together with Jean de Beaumont , brother of Count Wilhelm von Hainaut , he beat the king and numerous young nobles to knights. The following day he attended the coronation at Westminster Abbey . When the king learned of his father's death in September 1327, he wrote a letter to his cousin Bohun shortly afterwards. As high constable , he accompanied Philippa , the king's young bride, from London to York, where her wedding to the king took place at the end of December 1327 and January 1328 . When the young king overthrew his mother Isabelle's regime and that of her lover Roger Mortimer in a coup in October 1330, Bohun and his brothers were among his supporters. After Mortimer was executed, he and his brothers escorted the disempowered Queen of Windsor to Berkhamstead , where she met the king. Despite this prominence, his title and his office as high constable, he played no political role in the episode, he was probably impaired due to an illness. In the war against Scotland he was represented in 1333 at the siege of Berwick as constable by his brother Edward Bohun . However, he likely supported his brother Edward's claim to the Scottish annandal , which was also claimed by Henry Percy . In the summer of 1335 he belonged to the army of Edward III with a contingent of 135 men-at-arms and 29 mounted archers when he moved to Carlisle in the war against Scotland .

Marriage and inheritance

In 1325 Bohun had married Alice FitzAlan , the eldest daughter of Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel and Alice de Warenne . In his second marriage he married Margaret Basset , a daughter of Ralph Basset, 2nd Baron Basset of Drayton († 1299) and Joan de Gray . He was buried in Stratford Langthorne Abbey near London. Since he died with no offspring, his younger brother Humphrey inherited his titles and possessions.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Natalie Fryde: The tyranny and fall of Edward II, 1321-1326 . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2003. ISBN 0-521-54806-3 , p. 63.
  2. ↑ Seymour Phillips: Edward II . Yale University Press, New Haven 2010. ISBN 978-0-300-15657-7 , pp. 532.
  3. ↑ Seymour Phillips: Edward II . Yale University Press, New Haven 2010. ISBN 978-0-300-15657-7 , pp. 539.
  4. ↑ Alison Weir: Isabella. She-Wolf of France, Queen of England . Pimlico, London 2006, ISBN 0-7126-4194-7 , p. 293.
  5. ↑ Alison Weir: Isabella. She-Wolf of France, Queen of England . Pimlico, London 2006, ISBN 0-7126-4194-7 , p. 302.
  6. ↑ Alison Weir: Isabella. She-Wolf of France, Queen of England . Pimlico, London 2006, ISBN 0-7126-4194-7 , p. 341.
  7. ↑ Alison Weir: Isabella. She-Wolf of France, Queen of England . Pimlico, London 2006, ISBN 0-7126-4194-7 , p. 352.
  8. ↑ Chris Given-Wilson: The English Nobility in the Late Middle Ages. The Fourteenth-Century Political Community . Routledge, London 2002, ISBN 1-134-75142-7 , p. 34.
  9. ^ Ranald Nicholson: Edward III and the Scots. The formative Years of a Military Career . Oxford University Press, Oxford 1965, p. 132.
  10. ^ Ranald Nicholson: Edward III and the Scots. The formative Years of a Military Career . Oxford University Press, Oxford 1965, p. 150.
  11. ^ Ranald Nicholson: Edward III and the Scots. The formative Years of a Military Career . Oxford University Press, Oxford 1965, p. 201.
predecessor Office successor
Humphrey de Bohun Lord High Constable
Earl of Hereford
Earl of Essex
1322-1336 		Humphrey de Bohun
personal data
SURNAME John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford
ALTERNATIVE NAMES John de Bohun, 4th Earl of Essex
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English magnate and Lord High Constable of England
DATE OF BIRTH November 23, 1306
DATE OF DEATH January 20, 1336