1306

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1306
Robert the Bruce is crowned King of Scotland , but is defeated by the English in the Battle of Methven .
1306 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	754/755 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1298/99
Aztec calendar	8th house - Chicuei Calli (until the end of January / beginning of February 7th Feuerstein - Chicome Tecpatl )
Buddhist calendar	1849/50 (southern Buddhism); 1848/49 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	66th (67th) cycle Year of the fire horse丙午 ( at the beginning of the year wood snake 乙巳)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	668/669 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	684/685
Islamic calendar	705/706 (turn of the year 12/13 July)
Jewish calendar	5066/67 (9/10 September)
Coptic calendar	1022/23
Malayalam calendar	481/482
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1616/17 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1617/18 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1344
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1362/63

Events

Politics and world events

Scotland

• February 10th : Robert the Bruce stabs his rival for the throne of Scotland , John III, in front of the high altar in Greyfriars Church in Dumfries . Comyn, Lord of Badenoch . Since the murder happened on holy ground, Robert the Bruce is from Pope Clement V with the excommunication occupied.
• March 25 : Robert the Bruce is in Scone to King of Scotland crowned.
• June 19 : The Battle of Methven in the Scottish War of Independence is won by the English . The Scottish King Robert I , who arrived at Perth the day before , agreed not to fight the battle on the battlefield until the following day. During the night the English attack the camp of the Scottish Army and defeat their opponents. In the chaos that followed, only a few hundred Scots escaped. With the help of monks sent as guides by Abbot Maurice of Inchaffray Abbey, Robert I and a small group of followers flee westward. They are constantly attacked by warriors under John Macdougall. Eventually Robert and his small group can take refuge in the Outer Hebrides , where they spend the winter.

Holy Roman Empire

• Dissatisfied noblemen and knights incite the farmers from the Haseldorfer Marsch , who fear the loss of their privileges, to a revolt against the Holstein counts. They receive support from the Dithmarscher and Krempermarscher farmers, who had successfully resisted an armed attack by their masters a few years earlier. On July 28, they were defeated in the second battle near Uetersen by Bremen's Archbishop Giselbert von Brunkhorst with the help of a coalition of the Dukes of Lauenburg and Lüneburg and the Counts of Holstein , the main ringleader was captured, publicly whacked and quartered. The nobles are banished and lose their possessions. Some of them are accepted into Lübeck, which at the same time is enemies with the counts. The peasants are deprived of the privileges they received when they began cultivating the march. The Counts of Holstein strengthened their power by taking possession of Uetersen Castle and building the Hatzburg near Wedel.

Memorial plaque of Wenceslas III.

• August 4th : King Wenceslas III. von Bohemia is murdered by an unknown person during a campaign in Poland. The Přemyslid dynasty ends there . The Roman-German King Albrecht I from the House of Habsburg moves in Bohemia as a “settled imperial fief”.

• Stader Tournament : The Archbishop of Bremen, Giselbert von Brunkhorst, subjugates the Kehdingen region by inviting them to the tournament in Stade while invading his knights in Kehdingen.
• The margraviate of Baden-Hachberg is between Margrave Heinrich III. and his brother Rudolf I shared. Heinrich receives Hachberg with the city of Emmendingen , Rudolf receives the rule of Sausenberg with the new headquarters of the Sausenburg and thus the bailiwick of the priests Bürgeln , Sitzenkirch and Weitenau of the St. Blasien monastery .

Other events in Europe

• January / February: The Swedish Reichsmarschall Torgils Knutsson , who worked successfully for many years as guardian and advisor to his King Birger , falls victim to an intrigue by the King's brothers and is executed without trial.
• July 22nd : Around 100,000 Jews are arrested on the orders of the French King Philip IV . Their property will be transferred to the king and all will be banished from France.
• Summer: Pope Clement V calls for a crusade against the northern Italian sect leader Fra Dolcino and his followers, who until then had successfully fought against the Inquisition with armed force.

• The Johanniter conquer the island of Rhodes from the Byzantine Empire . The city ​​of Rhodes can still resist the besiegers for three years.

First documentary mentions

• First documented mention of Attelwil , Bussum , Fahrenbach , Graben , Großbartloff , Hergiswil , Holziken , Kallern , Lauerz , Linn , Marbach , Münchwilen , Niederwil and Riken

science and technology

• A gunsmith named Rudolf invented a wire drawing machine in Nuremberg , which was used in the production of chain armor .
• In France, the University of Orléans is founded by Clement V by means of a papal bull .

religion

Archbishop Peter von Aspelt, grave monument in Mainz Cathedral

• Peter von Aspelt becomes Archbishop and Elector of Mainz . He succeeds Gerhard II von Eppstein, who died last year . Otto von Grandson takes over his position as Bishop of Basel .
• Johann I succeeds Friedrich I von Lichtenberg , who died on December 20, as Prince-Bishop of Strasbourg . Philipp von Rathsamhausen takes over his position as Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt .

The Confucius Temple
with the statue of Confucius

• The Confucius Temple in Beijing is built. It is the second largest Confucius worship temple in China.

Born

Date of birth saved

• April 30 : Andrea Dandolo , Doge of Venice († 1354 )
• August 8 : Rudolf II , Count Palatine near Rhine († 1353 )
• November 23 : John de Bohun , English magnate († 1336 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Alberto II. Della Scala , Lord of Verona († 1352 )
• Tadayoshi Ashikaga , Japanese general († 1352 )
• Jonang Chogle Namgyel , person of Tibetan Buddhism († 1386 )
• Adelheid Langmann , Nuremberg councilor's daughter, nun and mystic in the Dominican convent Engelthal († 1375 )
• John Randolph , Scottish nobleman and co-regent at times († 1346 )

Born around 1306

• John Lestrange , English nobleman († 1349 )

Died

First half of the year

• February 10 : John III. Comyn , Scottish nobleman and heir to the throne

• February: Torgils Knutsson , Swedish Reichsmarschall

• March 21 : Robert II , Duke of Burgundy (* around 1248 )

• April 7th : Agnes von Arnsberg , Abbess of Meschede (* around 1236 )
• April 23 : Johann Sax von Saxenau , Bishop of Brixen

• May 5th : Konstantin Palaiologos Porphyrogennetos , Byzantine prince and general (* 1261 )
• May 7 : Primislaus , Duke of Ratibor (* 1258 )

• around May 30th : Isabella de Beauchamp , English noblewoman

Second half of the year

• August 4th : Wenceslaus III. , King of Hungary, Bohemia and Poland (* 1289 )
• August 18 : Hartung von Lampoting , Canon of Salzburg, Provost of Gurk and Provost of the Berchtesgaden Monastery

• September 12th : Heinrich II. Von Klingenberg , Bishop of Konstanz (* around 1240 )
• September 22 : John of Paris , French theologian and philosopher of the late scholasticism (* around 1255 / 60 )

• October 5th : Hermann II , Abbot of Ebrach
• November 18 : Giselbert von Brunkhorst , Archbishop of Bremen

• before December 6: Roger Bigod , English magnate and military (* around 1245 )

• December 7th : Teoderico Ranieri , Cardinal of the Catholic Church and Bishop of Palestrina
• December 20th : Friedrich I. von Lichtenberg , Bishop of Strasbourg
• December 25th : Iacopone da Todi , Italian advocate, Franciscan, poet and patron saint of Todi

Exact date of death unknown

• Araniko , Nepalese architect in China (* 1244 )
• Gerlach von Breuberg , bailiff in the Wetterau and governor of the peace in Thuringia (* around 1245 )

Died around 1306

• 1286 / 1287 /1306: Adam de la Halle , French poet and composer, Troubadour (* around 1237 )

Web links

Commons : 1306  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files