Joseph Glänz

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Joseph Dominik Glänz (born April 25, 1778 in Freiburg im Breisgau ; † August 10, 1841 ibid) was a German carpenter and wood sculptor who worked in the neo-Gothic style . He was considered to be “the leading Freiburg wood sculptor of his time”.

life and work

Glänz was the son of the poor master carpenter Joseph Ferdinand Glänz (* 1749). He only attended school briefly and was then trained and employed by his father in his workshop. There he not only learned the carpentry trade, but also practiced wood carving and drawing. So he was soon able to independently design any decorations on the drawing board and work them out in wood. Due to the early illness of his father, Glänz had to forego traveling and instead entertain his parents. In the First Coalition War he was drafted into the Landsturm in 1794 and fought against the French near Wagenstadt in 1796 . After their withdrawal, he worked again in his father's workshop and soon ran it on his own account. In 1803 he was accepted as a master carpenter by the builders' guild "Zum Mond". Since Glänz Reisen still failed to do so, he studied the Freiburg Minster with all its details in his little free time . He paid particular attention to the woodcut works by artists such as Hans Wydyz , Sixt von Staufen and the master HL . In 1808, Glänz married Rosa Seger from Umkirch. After some time, Glänz was consulted with construction companies, where he provided not only architectural but also artistic advice.

Glänz also worked as an inventor in his spare time and manufactured a spooling and twisting machine , which, however, was never built beyond the prototype status due to a lack of financial resources and support.

After a "beautification commission" was entrusted with the revision of the interior of the Freiburg Minster in the neo-Gothic style in 1819, all the altars were to be replaced, among other things. In addition to many other painters and sculptors who applied for the work, Glänz also submitted several sketches after he had been encouraged to do so by his sponsor Ferdinand Benedikt von Reinach-Werth (1769–1841). The commission submitted all applications to the architect Georg Moller for assessment. Moller distinguished Glänz's designs from all others and advocated them most urgently. The site managers thought Glänz was unsuitable because he was just a simple carpenter. The aforementioned sponsor encouraged Glänz to carve a small model of such an altar for the women's choir. Glänz responded to this suggestion, made a small prototype and in 1820 handed it over to the still reluctant building works with the request that this work be kept in the miner's treasury.

Although the model could not convince those responsible, in the end it was the reason why Glänz received the order: During a visit by the Grand Duke Ludwig I of Baden to the cathedral, he discovered Glänz's design, which shortly afterwards received the order for the altars in the Muenster. As a result, he created numerous works for the Freiburg Minster, some with his son Franz Glänz:

  • 1821 “Renovation” and partial re-creation of the Anna Altar
  • 1821/23 “Renovation” and partial re-creation of the Three Kings Altar with figures by Hans Wydyz
  • 1821 (commission) / 1827 (installation) reredos of the Joseph altar for the north aisle, the figures of the apostles carved by Joseph Maier, the figures of St. Joseph between Abraham and David Joseph Endres (1844)
  • 1826/27 Marien Altar for the south aisle (replaced by a new altar in 1891)
  • 1827/28 choir stalls, the figures are carved by Franz Xaver Hauser (demolished around 1960)
  • 1829 tracery gallery above the inner main portal (not preserved)
  • 1829 Renovation of the altar in the Locherer chapel
  • 1830 design, 1831–33 execution of a new retable with substructure and cracks for the high altar by Hans Baldung Grien
  • 1834 conversion of the original altar of the Schnewlin Chapel into two altars for the choir chapels (reassembled after 1945)
  • 1839 cross altar (demolished and destroyed in 1940)

There were also numerous smaller wood carvings, such as 1838–40 confessionals (destroyed 1956–59) for the cathedral. Around 1827, in addition to his work as a cabinet maker, he was appointed as the successor to Johann Georg Riescher (1759–1827) as foreman and head of the Münsterbauhütte.

In 1838 he and his son carried out the renovation of the high altar of Master HL in the Breisach Minster on behalf of Grand Duke Leopold von Baden .

After the death of Joseph Glänz, his son Franz Sales Glänz (1810–1855) continued his workshop.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Klant: Forgotten sculptors. In: ders. (Ed.): Sculpture in Freiburg . Volume 2: 19th Century Art in Public Space . Modo, Freiburg 2000, ISBN 3-922675-77-8 , p. 165.
  2. ↑ Waldbrühl p. 339; Kempf p. 50.
  3. ^ Daniel Parello: From Helmle to Geiges. A century of historicist glass painting in Freiburg . Stadtarchiv, Freiburg im Breisgau 2000, ISBN 3-00-006521-0 , p. 175, note 25.
  4. ↑ Kempf pp. 50-51; P. 68 Fig. 10. The model is now in the Augustinermuseum , Gothic building site . Imhof, Petersberg 2014, ISBN 978-3-86568-880-4 , p. 174 fig .; P. 214 No. 170.
  5. ↑ Waldbrühl p. 340; Kempf pp. 51-52.
  6. ↑ s. Bernd Mathias Kremer: On the history of the restoration of the Freiburg cathedral in the 19th century. In: Freiburger Diözesan-Archiv 121, 2001, pp. 53–84, especially pp. 71–81 ( digitized version ); Heike Mittmann, Bernd Mathias Kremer: The Freiburg Minster after its completion . In: Freiburger Münsterbauverein (Hrsg.): The Freiburg Minster. Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-7954-1685-0 , pp. 93-93.
  7. ↑ Kempf p. 55 fig. 4; Figure ; Stephanie Zumbrink, Heike Mittmann: The altars . In: Freiburger Münsterbauverein (Hrsg.): The Freiburg Minster . Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-7954-1685-0 , pp. 249-251. Detonated removed in the 1950s.
  8. ↑ Kempf p. 57 fig. 5; Stephanie Zumbrink, Heike Mittmann: The altars . In: Freiburger Münsterbauverein (Hrsg.): The Freiburg Minster . Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-7954-1685-0 , pp. 248–249. Signed on the stable wall: “• 1505 • / JOH • WYDYZ / VERG: D • JOS • DOM • / GLAENZ • 1823” - “1505 Johannes Wydyz; enlarged by Joseph Dominik Glänz 1823 ”.
  9. ↑ Kempf p. 59 fig. 6; Stephanie Zumbrink, Heike Mittmann: The altars . In: Freiburger Münsterbauverein (Hrsg.): The Freiburg Minster . Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-7954-1685-0 , pp. 268-269.
  10. ↑ Fritz Baumgarten : The Freiburg high altar appreciated in terms of art history. Heitz, Strasbourg 1904, pp. 63-64 ( digitized version ); Kempf p. 61 Fig. 7, The shiny ingredients were removed and destroyed after the Second World War. On the altar there were also two portrait statuettes of Joseph and Franz Glänz by the sculptor Joseph Maier, illustration by Kempf pp. 52–53 fig. 2–3.
  11. ^ Sibylle Groß: The Schnewlin Altar and the Baldung Workshop - Studies on the history of the furnishings of the choir chapels in the Freiburg Minster. In: Freiburg Diocesan Archive 1992; 112, pp. 43-86, especially pp. 68-73 ( digitized version ); Stephanie Zumbrink, Heike Mittmann: The altars . In: Freiburger Münsterbauverein (Hrsg.): The Freiburg Minster . Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-7954-1685-0 , pp. 251-253.
personal data
SURNAME Glänz, Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Glänz, Joseph Dominik (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German carpenter and wood sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH April 25, 1778
PLACE OF BIRTH Freiburg in Breisgau
DATE OF DEATH August 10, 1841
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau