Juan Bautista Aznar Cabañas

Juan Bautista Aznar

Juan Bautista Aznar Cabañas (* 1860 in Cádiz , † 1933 in Madrid ) was a Spanish admiral , politician and Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) .

biography

Military and political career

After school he joined the Navy, where he rose to admiral in the course of his career . During the Rif War of 1921 he was Commander in Chief of the Navy in Morocco .

After his return to Spain he was appointed Minister of the Navy ( Ministro de Marina ) on February 16, 1923 in the cabinet of Manuel García Prieto , to which he was a member until the end of his term on September 15, 1923. In the elections of May 13, 1923, he was also elected Senator , where he represented the interests of the province of Cáceres for one term . In 1925 he was promoted to admiral.

During the subsequent military dictatorship , he was one of the supporters of dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera . Through this he was appointed on September 12, 1927 as a member of the Congress of Deputies ( Congreso de los Diputados ), to which he belonged for an electoral term until June 28, 1931.

Last Prime Minister of King Alfonso XIII.

As the successor to Lieutenant General Dámaso Berenguer Fusté , he was appointed Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) on February 18, 1931 and as such formed the last government during the reign of King Alfonso XIII. .

Two different monarchist currents existed in his government : On the one hand, the loyal high bourgeoisie ( Dura ) under Development Minister Juan de la Cierva y Peñafiel, and on the other hand the more moderate, more yielding tendency ( Blanda or Transigente ), which under its leader, Foreign Minister Álvaro Figueroa Torres , in the negotiations in the prison of Madrid ( Cárcel Modelo de Madrid ) sought a rapprochement with the republican parties. To balance and mediate between these groups, he appointed neutral politicians such as Interior Minister José María de Hoyos y Vinent de la Torre O'Neill. His predecessor Berenguer Fusté remained army minister, while he also appointed the two former prime ministers García Prieto and Gabino Bugallal Araújo as minister of justice and economy minister.

When the anti-monarchist republican parties emerged victorious from the local elections of April 12, 1931, the ultra-monarchist forces around Bugallal Araúja demanded the deployment of the Guardia Civil , which its general director, Colonel José Sanjurjo , refused. Two days later, after the proclamation of the Second Republic , Aznar Cabañas resigned from the post of prime minister and handed power to Niceto Alcalá Zamora .

For his political and military services, he was appointed Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece ( Orden del Toisón de Oro ) in 1931 .

swell

Web links

• Biography on the homepage of the Spanish Prime Ministers ( Memento of October 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (Spanish)
• The governments during the reign of Alfonso XIII. (1902-1931)
• Payne, Stanley G .: "A History of Spain and Portugal (Vol. 2) - Chapter 24: Climax and Collapse of Spanish Liberalism, 1899-1931"
• "The Rif War 1911-1927"

Individual evidence

1. ↑ List of Ministers of the Navy ( Memento of April 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
2. ^ The Senate between 1834 and 1923 - Senators , accessed June 7, 2017.
3. ↑ List of Members of Parliament from 1810 to 1977
4. ^ "New Cabinet" , article in TIME magazine of March 2, 1931
5. ^ Las Elecciones Municipales de 1931
6. ↑ Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece

predecessor	Office	successor
Dámaso Berenguer Fusté	Prime Minister of Spain 1931	Niceto Alcalá Zamora