Manuel García Prieto

Manuel García Prieto

Manuel García Prieto , Margrave ( Marqués ) de Alhucemas (born November 5, 1859 in Astorga , † September 15, 1938 in Donostia-San Sebastián ) was a Spanish politician and Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) .

biography

Studies, professional career and member of parliament

García Prieto completed a law degree , after which he first became a public prosecutor at the Municipal Court of Madrid . He later also served as a military prosecutor for a short time.

The son-in-law and legal advisor of the later Prime Minister Eugenio Montero Ríos was elected as a member of the Liberal Party ( Partido Liberal ) on April 4, 1886 for the first time as a member of parliament ( Congreso de los Diputados ), where he was only for one term until February 1891 represented the interests of the constituency of León . On March 5, 1893, he was re-elected as a member of the Congress of Deputies, where this time until March 1911 he mainly represented the constituency of La Coruña as well as León and Madrid at times.

Like his father Montero Ríos was he as a party politician supporters of the cacique ( caciquismo ) of Galicia . At the same time he knew how to lobby the farmers to build his own political base in Galicia.

In 1897 he was appointed Director General for Legal Disputes of the State, before he then became Undersecretary of State in the Colonial Ministry ( Ministerio de Ultramar ) .

minister

On June 23, 1905, he was appointed to a cabinet by his father-in-law Montero Ríos as Minister of the Interior ( Ministro de Gobernación ) and was a member of this until December 1, 1905. In the subsequent cabinet of Segismundo Moret Prendergast , he took over the office of Minister for Appeals for Mercy and Justice ( Ministro de Gracia y Justicia ) until June 10, 1906 . Moret Prendergast's successor José López Domínguez finally transferred to him on July 6, 1906 the office of Minister of Development ( Ministro de Fomento ), which he held until the end of his term on November 30, 1906.

After several years of not participating in government formation, he was appointed Foreign Minister ( Ministro de Estado ) in its government on February 9, 1910 by the chairman of the Partido Liberal, José Canalejas Méndez . He held this office until December 31, 1912. In this office he achieved an internationally acclaimed success in 1911 with the signing of a treaty with Morocco , which was one of the foundations for the division of Morocco into a French and a negotiated with France in the Treaty of Fez in 1912 Spanish protectorate was. In addition, as Foreign Minister he successfully campaigned for the representation of the Latin American states at the Permanent Court of Arbitration ( Corte Permanente de Arbitraje ) in The Hague .

For his services in Spanish Moroccan politics, he was raised to the nobility on January 5, 1911 as Marquis ( Marqués ) de Alhucemas and was thus one of the grandees . On March 4, 1911 he was also appointed Senador Vitalicio ( Senador Vitalicio ) for life by royal decree .

Five-time Prime Minister

After Canalejas Méndez was murdered by an anarchist on November 12, 1912, he assumed the office of incumbent Prime Minister ( Presidente del Consejo de Ministros Interino ) for two days until Álvaro Figueroa Torres took office on November 14, 1912 .

On the other hand, the murder of Canalejas Méndez also led to the so-called Sagasta faction splitting off from the Liberal Party and then to the establishment of the Liberal Democratic Party ( Partido Liberal Democrático ), of which García Prieto became chairman.

From May 9, 1916 to March 17, 1918 served as President of the Senate.

Despite this office, he was appointed Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) on April 19, 1917 . He held this office until June 11, 1917. As Prime Minister he pursued a pro- German policy .

In July 1917 he succeeded Álvaro Figueroa Torres as chairman of the reunited Partido Liberal. As the successor of Eduardo Dato Iradier , he became Prime Minister of the first coalition government during the reign of King Alfonso XIII on November 3, 1917 after a crisis within the Defense Council ( Junta de Defensa ) . In his cabinet, which was in office until March 22, 1918, he also assumed the office of Foreign Minister. In the government of his successor Antonio Maura Montaner , which was in office until November 9, 1918 , he was appointed Minister of the Interior and on October 28, 1918, when the incumbent fell ill, he again took over the post of Foreign Minister.

On November 9, 1918, he replaced Maura Montaner as Prime Minister and formed a transitional government that was in office until December 5, 1918, in which he himself also took over the office of incumbent development minister.

After he had subsequently withdrawn from government policy for a few years, he was appointed prime minister again on December 7, 1922 as the successor to José Sánchez-Guerra Martínez . He tried unsuccessfully to prevent the captain general of Catalonia , Miguel Primo de Rivera , from becoming the new strong man. On September 15, 1923, he was replaced by Primo de Rivera two days after his coup d'état, who then established a military dictatorship that lasted more than six years .

His last position was from February 18 to April 14, 1931, Minister for Appeals for Grace and Justice in the cabinet of Juan Bautista Aznar Cabañas , the last government under King Alfonso XIII. from Spain.

He then withdrew from politics and died at the age of 78.

Honorary positions

García Prieto was from May 28, 1909 to May 27, 1910 and 1913 President of the Royal Academy of Jurisprudence and Legislation ( Real Academia de Jurisprudencia y Legislación ).

Furthermore, he was from November 22, 1910 as the successor to Canaleja Méndez member of the Real Academia de Ciencias Morales y Políticas , where he took the armchair ( Sillón ) 15 until his resignation on October 31, 1911 .

swell

Web links

• Biography on the homepage of the Spanish Prime Ministers ( Memento of October 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (Spanish)
• The governments during the reign of Alfonso XIII. (1902–1931)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ List of Members of Parliament from 1810 to 1977
2. ↑ List of Foreign Ministers ( Memento of April 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
3. ↑ List of Spanish nobility titles - Marqués de Alhucemas ( Memento of the original of February 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
4. ^ The Senate between 1834 and 1923 - Senators , accessed June 7, 2017.
5. ↑ The Senate and its Presidents 1834 to 1923 ( Memento from June 27, 2001 in the Internet Archive )
6. ↑ "SPANISH CABINET OUT .; Marquis Prieto Who Leaned Toward pro-German policy, Resigns" , article in the New York Times on June 10, 1917
7. ↑ "NEW SPANISH CABINET .; Coalition Body to Serve Under Prieto de Aihuemas as Premier" , article in the New York Times on November 4, 1917
8. ↑ News of his death in TIME Magazine on September 26, 1938
9. ^ Presidents of the Royal Academy of Law and Legislation in the 20th Century ( Memento of July 8, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
10. ↑ Members of the Real Academia de Ciencias Morales y Políticas - Armchair 15 ( Memento from September 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive )

predecessor	Office	successor
José Canalejas Méndez	Prime Minister of Spain 1912	Álvaro Figueroa Torres

predecessor	Office	successor
Álvaro Figueroa Torres	Prime Minister of Spain 1917	Eduardo Dato Iradier

predecessor	Office	successor
Eduardo Dato Iradier	Prime Minister of Spain 1917 - 1918	Antonio Maura Montaner

predecessor	Office	successor
Antonio Maura Montaner	Prime Minister of Spain 1918	Álvaro Figueroa Torres

predecessor	Office	successor
José Sánchez-Guerra Martínez	Prime Minister of Spain 1922 - 1923	Miguel Primo de Rivera