Julius Stratton
Julius Adams Stratton (born May 18, 1901 in Seattle , Washington , † July 22, 1994 in Boston , Massachusetts ) was an American electrical engineer and physicist and President of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
life and work
As a boy, Stratton attended school in Dresden and Berlin for some time , where his family was living at the time. As a teenager he was an enthusiastic radio hobbyist and for a while drove as a radio operator on ships to China. He studied at the University of Washington and MIT, where he received his bachelor's degree in 1923 and his master's degree in electrical engineering in 1926 . He then continued his studies at the ETH Zurich , where he received his doctorate in 1928 under Peter Debye . He then became assistant professor of electrical engineering at MIT, but switched to physics in 1930, becoming an associate professor in 1935 and a professor in 1941. He was President of MIT from 1959 to 1966, having been MIT's first Provost in 1949, Vice President in 1951 and Chancellor in 1956.
During the Second World War he was involved in the development of LORAN at MIT's Radiation Laboratory, a global radio system for determining position. He initiated the development of the system as an advisor to the highest government agencies and visited Iceland, Greenland and Labrador for this purpose. He was also an advisor on the use of radar in bombers and the Normandy landings. In 1946 he received the Medal of Merit for this activity.
From 1966 to 1971 he headed the Ford Foundation. From 1967 to 1969 he was chairman of a US national commission on oceanography, called the Stratton Commission , which published an influential report ( Out Nation and the Sea ). As a result, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency was established. He was on the National Science Board from 1956 to 1962 and 1964 to 1967.
Stratton is the author of a popular textbook on electrodynamics at the time. He was one of the founding members of the National Academy of Engineering .
In 1957 he received the IEEE Medal of Honor and in 1961 the Faraday Medal (IEE) . In 1950 he became a member of the National Academy of Sciences . He was a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the American Physical Society, and an IEEE Fellow . He was married and had three daughters.
Memberships
In 1946 Stratton was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 1956 to the American Philosophical Society .
Fonts
- Electromagnetic Theory, McGraw Hill 1941
- with Philip Morse , LJ Chu, RA Hutner: Elliptic Cylinder and Spheroidal Wave Functions, 1941
- with Morse, Chu, JDC Little, FJ Corbato: Spheroidal Wave Functions, 1956
- Science and the Educated Man: Selected Speeches of Julius A. Stratton, MIT Press 1966
Individual evidence
- ↑ It arose from the problem of navigating aircraft when crossing the Atlantic
- ^ Members of the American Academy. Listed by election year, 1900-1949 ( PDF ). Retrieved October 11, 2015
- ^ Member History: Julius Adams Stratton. American Philosophical Society, accessed November 11, 2018 .
Web links
William Barton Rogers | John Daniel Runkle | William Barton Rogers | Francis Amasa Walker | James Crafts | Henry Smith Pritchett | Arthur Amos Noyes | Richard Cockburn Maclaurin | Elihu Thomson | Ernest Fox Nichols | Elihu Thomson | Samuel Wesley Stratton | Karl Taylor Compton | James R. Killian | Julius Stratton | Howard Wesley Johnson | Jerome Wiesner | Paul Edward Gray | Charles Marstiller Vest | Susan Hockfield | L. Rafael Reif
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Stratton, Julius |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Stratton, Julius Adams (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American electrical engineer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 18, 1901 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Seattle , Washington |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 22, 1994 |
| Place of death | Boston , Massachusetts |