Juraj Jánošík

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Juraj Jánošík ([ ˈjuʁaj ˈjɑːnɔˌʃiːk ]; Juraj = Georg; also: Jur, Juro, Jurko Jánošík , Polish : Jerzy Janosik , Czech : Jiří Janoušek , Hungarian : György Jánosik ; * January 25, 1688 in Terchová ; † 18. March 1713 in Liptovský Mikuláš ) was a Slovak robber leader and national hero of the Slovaks .

Jánošík, work by Janko Alexy , PKO Bratislava, 1957}

biography

Juraj Jánošík was born in Terchová in Slovakia (then part of the Kingdom of Hungary ). From 1706 to 1708 he fought with the Kuruc , then with the state army and then became the head of a group of forest robbers in the north-west of the Hungarian kingdom. He was caught in Hrachov in 1712 , but managed to escape from there. In the spring of 1713 he was arrested again in Valaská Dubová (24 km southeast of Terchová) and imprisoned in Liptovský Mikuláš (German: St. Nicholas in the Liptov; Hungarian: Liptószentmiklós, 51 km southeast of Terchová). The trial took place on March 16 and 17, 1713. The following day he was executed by hanging from a hook that was drilled through his ribs. He is said to have hung on the hook for three days and smoked his pipe; when the imperial pardon came it was too late

Legend

Jánošík embodies a Slovak version of Robin Hood or William Tell , he stands up for the rights of the poor mountain population.

There are various anecdotes and stories about the fictional character Jánošík. Most portray him as a tall, well-built shepherd who thinks more with his heart than with his head. There is also a Polish television series called Janosik, Held der Berge from 1973, which was also broadcast in Germany.

poetry

• Ján Botto : 1846 - Pieseň Jánošíkova (Jánošík's song)
• Ján Botto: 1862 - Smrť Jánošíkova (Jánošík's death)

Movies

Juraj Jánošík statue in Terchová, made by Ján Kulich (1930–2015) for his 300th birthday in 1988 from brushed stainless steel (height 7.5 meters)

• 1921 Jánošík - first Slovak feature film; financed by Slovaks from the USA; Director: Jaroslav Jerry Siakeľ, Janoschik: Theodor Pištěk.
• 1935 Jánošík - Slovak and Czech film; Director: Martin Frič, Janoschik: Paľo Bielik.
• 1954 Janosik - first Polish animation film; Directed by Włodzimierz Haupe and Halina Bielińska.
• 1963 Jánošík I and II - Slovak two-part film; Direction: Paľo Bielik, Janoschik: František Kuchta.
• 1974 Janosik - Polish film; Director: Jerzy Passendorfer , Janoschik: Marek Perepeczko .
• 1974 Janosik, Hero of the Mountains - 12-part Polish TV series; Director: Jerzy Passendorfer, Janoschik: Marek Perepeczko (German first broadcast: 1976 on GDR television)
• 1976 Robber Jurko / Zbojník Jurko - Slovak animation film; Director: Viktor Kubal.
• 1991 Robber Juroschik / Zbojník Jurošík - 28-part Slovak animated television series; Director: Jaroslav Baran.
• 2009 The true story of Janoschik / Jánošík - pravdivá história / Janosik - prawdziwa historia - Slovak-Polish-Czech film; Direction: Agnieszka Holland and Kasia Adamik, Janoschik: Václav Jiráček.

painting

Juraj Jánošík is an important theme in Slovak painting, for example with Janko Alexy .

Others

The place Jánošíková (since 1974 part of the municipality of Dunajská Lužná ) is named after the national hero, since after 1945 settlers from the area around Terchová repopulated the area, which was depopulated by the expulsion of the Germans.

Web links

Commons : Juraj Jánošík  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Hungarian Radio, 2007
2. ↑ Archlebová, Tamara [ed.]: The encyclopaedia of Slovakia and the Slovaks, Bratislava 2006, p. 321
3. ↑ Slide show in English