Jute spinning mill (Potsdam)

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View towards the northwest, 2011

The factory building of the German jute spinning and weaving mill in Potsdam is a clinker brick building on the Nutheufer in the Nowawes district of Potsdam . It was built in 1863 and then expanded several times. From 2014, after years of dilapidation, it was renovated and the former factory hall and machine house were converted into the Jute Lofts residential complex by 2017 . The building is a listed building and is one of the oldest preserved buildings of the jute spinning industry on mainland Europe.

history

Site plan of the jute spinning mill, 1896. The ship landing stage at the Nuthe can be seen below.

Rise and fall

Nowawes has been a center of the weaving trade since its inception . In the course of industrialization in the middle of the 19th century, the production of textiles was switched from the previous home work to modern industrial methods. The brothers Julius and L. Robert Arntz as well as Carl Mathias and Carl Otto Busch founded Potsdam's first industrial spinning mill in 1862 on the banks of the Nuthe . From 1865 the Arntz brothers ran the business independently and converted the company into a stock corporation . From 1863 a factory hall, landing stage and the owner's private house were built on the site on Nuthe-Ufer based on a design by Hugo Menze (today Friedrich-List-Straße 8). The architect of the original factory building - one of the first multi-storey buildings in Nowawes - is not yet known. From the port of Hamburg barges transported the bales of raw jute , which the Arntz brothers obtained from America , India and Russia , via the Elbe , Oder and Havel , directly in front of the factory. There they were processed into yarn , sacks and textile fabrics.

After a major fire, the Deutsche Jutepinnerei und Weberei AG Meißen took over the factory in 1881 and expanded the original plant in 1884 to include the machine house that still exists today (probably based on plans by master mason Ernst Petzholtz ) and numerous other buildings such as warehouses, baths and lounges for the workers In 1889 the bank wall on the Nuthe was added. With 327 looms in use, it was the second largest jute spinning mill in the German Empire in 1887 . Economic difficulties led in 1932 to the sale of the spinning mill to the Braunschweigische Aktiengesellschaft für Jute- und Flax-Industrie . The air raid on Potsdam on 14./15. April 1945 destroyed large parts of the spinning mill premises, but not the old factory building. During the GDR era , the factory area was partially built on with apartment blocks; the old spinning mill was used as a warehouse for cosmetics .

From the factory to the "Jute-Kiez"

After the fall of the Wall , the factory buildings stood empty for several years and fell into disrepair. With the exception of the factory building from 1863, the Arntz factory owner's villa and the guest house, all buildings on the site of the former jute spinning mill were demolished in 2006.

The Jute Spinnerei Potsdam Vermögensverwaltungsgesellschaft is currently developing plans to convert the factory premises into a new district called Jute- Kiez . A development with multi-family houses and smaller commercial units, which are criss-crossed by park green, is planned. In the first step, 29 condominiums will be built under the name Jute Lofts in the historic jute spinning mill . The planning is in the hands of architect Peter Schube from Magdeburg , sales to Terraplan from Nuremberg , represented by Erik Roßnagel .

architecture

Eastern stair tower with console frieze and battlements, 2014

"Factory palace" of industrialization

In contrast to later epochs, emphasis was placed on the representative design of factory buildings during the industrialization period . Like the newly emerging large railway stations, the “factory palaces” were regarded as testimony to the new prosperity that society owed to the achievements of technology and economy.

Potsdam's first industrial spinning mill was given a cityscape - defining , yellow clinker façade facing the Nuthe , which was surrounded by two stair towers . In addition to other details such as the console friezes and the battlements on the eaves, they give the factory the appearance of a castle . This design is typical of the “castellated style” adopted from England around 1830 , which was reflected in the planning of Babelsberg Palace in Potsdam .

In order to provide the best possible light for the workplaces of the spinners, weavers and machinists and to ensure adequate ventilation, the long sides of the factory building were opened in large segmented arched windows .

Redevelopment

As part of the renovation, it is planned to bring the factory building back to its original appearance. The façade facing the Nuthe with the corner towers, damaged by additions and the weather, is to be restored; in the north-eastern part an extension in contemporary forms is being built. Inside, single-storey residential units are to be set up in the machine house and extension, and maisonettes arranged one above the other in the former workshop . In order not to impair the effect of the front facing the river, the terraces of the maisonette apartments in the attic are to be placed behind the reconstructed battlements.

State before the renovation in 2014

  • West facade

  • View from the southwest

  • Sea wall on the Nuthe

  • Cultivation in the northeast

  • View from the southeast

  • North side with demolition edge of later additions

  • Former machine house

  • East facade

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Factory building of the German jute spinning and weaving mill in Potsdam  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Entry in the monument database of the Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation.
  2. ↑ Christoph Sandler: Handbook of the efficiency of the entire industry of the Prussian state . Hermann Wölfert, Leipzig 1873, p. 25 .
  3. ^ Entry in the monument database of the Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation.
  4. ↑ E [dmund] Pfuhl: The jute and its processing. 1st part . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1888, p. 7 .
  5. ^ A b Mareike-Vic Schreiber: Day of the Open Monument . In: Potsdam's latest news . September 12, 2014 ( pnn.de ).

Coordinates: 52 ° 23 ′ 30 ″  N , 13 ° 4 ′ 51 ″  E