Kingdom of Cusco

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Kingdom of Cusco
approx. 1200-1438
Official language Quechua and others
Capital Cusco
Form of government monarchy
Kingdom of Cusco, shown in red on the map above
Kingdom of Cusco, shown in red on the map above

Template: Infobox State / Maintenance / NAME-GERMAN

The Kingdom of Cusco , also Cuzco and written in Quechua Qosqo or Qusqu , was a small kingdom consisting of the city of Cusco and its surroundings in the Andes . It was founded as a small city-state by the Incas at the beginning of the 13th century . Over time it began to grow through armed conflicts as well as peaceful assimilation and was eventually replaced by the Inca Empire (1438-1533).

story

Under the leadership of Manco Cápac , the Inca formed the small city-state of Cusco (Qosqo). This was done in the context of a slow 20 year migration to avoid the Aymara invasions in their native Andean highlands.

In 1438 AD, the Incas began a far-reaching expansion under the command of the Sapa Inca Pachacútec Yupanqui ("world changer"). The land that Pachacútec conquered was about the size of the Thirteen Colonies at the outbreak of the American Revolution of 1776 and consisted of almost all of the Andes.

Pachacútec reorganized the Kingdom of Cusco into one empire, the Tahuantinsuyu, which consisted of a central government headed by the Inca and four provincial governments with strong leaders: Chincha Suyu , Anti Suyu , Kunti Suyu and Qulla Suyu . It was a federal system. The capital was Cusco, which was the center of the world for the Inca. Pachacútec is also said to have built Machu Picchu .

Sapa Incas

The Sapa Inca of the first dynasty of the Kingdom of Cusco were Manco Cápac , Sinchi Roca , Lloque Yupanqui , Mayta Cápac and Cápac Yupanqui . Evidence of the state organization comes from the year 1200 AD. Inca Roca , Yáhuar Huácac and Huiracocha Inca followed by 1483 . Little is known about the population. In later years, cápac meant warlord and sinchi meant leader, which contributed to the idea that these were the rulers.

literature

in order of appearance

  • Geoffrey Hext Sutherland Bushnell: Peru (= Ancient people and places , Vol. 1). Thames and Hudson, London 1956, OCLC 154207670 .
  • María Rostworowski: Incas (= Enciclopedia Temática del Perú; Volume 1). El Comercio, Lima 2004, ISBN 9972-752-00-3 .
  • Kim MacQuarrie: The Last Days of the Incas. Simon & Schuster, New York / London, 2007, ISBN 0-7432-6049-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Covey, Alan R., Southern Methodist University: Chronology, Succession, and Sovereignty: The Politics of Inka Historiography and Its Modern Interpretation . In: Comparative Studies in Society and History . Vol. 48, No. 1 , January 2006, p. 169–199 , doi : 10.1017 / s0010417506000077 (English).