Balgstädt royal court
The royal court Balgstädt was a royal court in what is now the municipality of Balgstädt in the Burgenland district in the south of Saxony-Anhalt . For the years 943, 975 and 1013 stays and government acts of East Franconian kings are documented. The exact location of the courtyard is not known.
The place in the early Middle Ages
In the Breviarium sancti Lulli , Balgestat was first mentioned as a place also populated by Slavs. The inventory of goods shows that the place was handed over to the Hersfeld monastery before 775 . In the Hersfeld tithe list , which was created between 880 and 899, the settlement is mentioned as being in royal possession. The tithe was due to the Hersfeld Monastery.
Ottonian royal court
Balgesteti first appeared in the possession of the Ottonian royal family in 943, when Otto the Great confirmed immunity and protection to Abbot Hadamar for his Fulda monastery in a document issued here on May 24th . The route, the reason and the length of the king's stay in Balgstädt are not known. A connection with the nearby Palatinate in Memleben can only be assumed, but not proven.
The next verifiable stay of a king in Balgestete falls in the summer of 975. Otto's son and successor Otto II had a certificate issued with which he attested that he had his sister Mathilde , first abbess of the Quedlinburg monastery , a hoof in Gusau and the resident of hearing macil together paid with his wife and now their prayers the bishopric of Merseburg had appropriated.
The last time a king stayed in Balgstädt was Heinrich II. In autumn 1013. A certificate, with which Heinrich gave the bishopric of Merseburg, at the request of Bishop Dietmar, the inheritance of Bebo and his son Walech in Oßmannstedt , was issued on September 22nd in Balgerstedi .
The year 1032 brought a significant change of ownership for Balgstedt when Emperor Konrad II gave the royal court with all accessories at free disposal to the diocese of Naumburg , whose seat had only been relocated a few years before under his rule from Zeitz to Naumburg, a few kilometers from Balgstädt. Balgstädt is called "our royal court in the Gau Thuringia in the county of Madelgoz".
High Middle Ages
The further fate of the court is not known. In 1152, the brothers Ulrich and Friedrich, the first representatives of the von Balgstedt ministerial family, appeared in the service of the Naumburg bishops. It cannot be said with certainty whether they held the former royal court or some other property.
The Balgstedt moated castle was a feudal castle from Neuchâtel . In 1397 it was broken and torn down by the Thuringian landgraves Friedrich IV the arguable and Wilhelm I the one-eyed . The Ministerials von Balgstedt, who are said to have committed breaches of the peace and robbery, were driven out.
Localization
Archaeological and historical research has hypothetically connected two square castle sites with a surrounding moat to the royal court. Both fortifications, however, are likely to have emerged more recently. It remains open whether they were built on the site of the older courtyard with the stone house.
The former manor Balgstädt is located in the north of the village at the transition from the Unstrutaue to the slowly rising terrain towards the south. The rectangular castle grounds were surrounded by a trench running in the same direction. The von Balgstedt family's moated castle is believed to be here.
To the north-west of the estate, between the village and the railway line, there is another irregular, quadrangular castle area, which is surrounded by a narrow moat that is partly still filled with water and which bears the field name Wahl. The shape of the terrain and the name of the field are typical of a tower hill castle , as it has been in large numbers in Central Germany since the 13th century. Paul Grimm connected this fortification with the high medieval royal court mentioned in the written sources, but restricted this with the addition “whether it belongs?”.
literature
- Balgstädt : In: Berent Schwineköper (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 11: Province of Saxony Anhalt (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 314). 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-520-31402-9 , p. 28.
- Heidi Blanke: Chronicle of Balgstedt ( memento from January 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) , 2000.
- Paul Grimm : The prehistoric and early historical castle walls of the districts of Halle and Magdeburg. Handbook of prehistoric ramparts and fortifications 1 Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1958, (German Academy of Sciences, Berlin: Writings of the Section for Prehistory and Early History 6, ZDB -ID 1410760-0 ), on this p. 262 f. No. 392 and 393 plate 27 h.
- Ernst Pfeil: On the history of Balgstedt . Sieling, Naumburg 1911. (From: Naumburger Kreisblatt 1911).
- Joachim Säckl: On the history of the knight's seat and manor house in Weischütz / Unstrut . In: Burgen und Schlösser in Sachsen-Anhalt 4, 1995, ISSN 0944-4157 , pp. 77-98.
- Hermann Wäscher : Feudal castles in the districts of Halle and Magdeburg . Henschel-Verlag, Berlin 1962.
Individual evidence
- ↑ de sclavis manentibus ; UB Hersfeld I 1 No. 38
- ↑ in potestate casaris ; UB Hersfeld I 1 No. 37
- ↑ MGH DD OI 55. Digital copy: http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000442/images/index.html?id=00000442&seite=160
- ↑ MGH DD OII 166. Digital copy: http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000443/images/index.html?id=00000443&seite=133
- ↑ MGH DD HII 271. Digital copy: http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000444/images/index.html?id=00000444&seite=350 .
- ↑ Balchestat nostram regalem cortem in pago Thuringiae in comitatu Madelgozonis sitam . MGH DD KII 184. Digital copy: http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000448/images/index.html?id=00000448&seite=269 ; RI III 1 n.190; http://www.regesta-imperii.de/regesten/regshow.php?pk=%2013391 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
