Provisional Amur government

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The provisional priamurye government ( Russian Приамурский земский край , Приамурское государственное образование or "чёрный буфер" (Black buffer)), one was Japanese -controlled state formations know garde - monarchical orientation to Vladivostok and the last, futile attempt of the Triple Entente , the Russian Civil War to influence in favor of the White Army . In some sources, the area she ruled is referred to as the coastal republic.

prehistory

In April 1918, British and Japanese troops landed in Vladivostok and Khabarovsk at the request of the United States . This intervention, known as the Siberian Intervention , was sent to support the White Army under Admiral Kolchak .

This became obsolete when the Red Army destroyed Kolchak's troops in the summer of 1921, advanced to Chita and founded the pro-Soviet Far Eastern Republic there. The latter did not yet control the areas occupied by the Entente.

Establishment of the Amur Provisional Government

After the capture and execution of Kolchak by the Red Army and the evacuation of the Czechoslovak legions , the Americans and their allies withdrew from Vladivostok in June 1920. However, the Japanese, fearing the spread of communism , stayed behind at the borders they had been assigned to guard. They supported the establishment of the Provisional Amur Government, which took place in Vladivostok when the White Guard military came to power on May 27, 1921. At that time the head of government was Spiridon Dionisjewitsch Merkulow .

The sphere of influence of the Pri-Amur government initially included the area of ​​today's Primorsky Krai and the south of the Khabarovsk region . In the course of 1921 she was able to expand the area she controlled via Khabarovsk to west of the Amur .

Fall of the Amur Provisional Government

The Japanese were pushed back further and further, so that in February 1922 Khabarovsk was taken by the communists. On June 8, Merkulov was replaced by Mikhail Konstantinowitsch Diterichs , a former general of Kolchak. He called for a crusade against the Bolsheviks and in July convened an assembly of notables , which Nikolai Nikolayevich Romanov appointed tsar in absentia .

In September 1922 the Japanese withdrew for good, on October 25, 1922, Diterich's troops were defeated by the Bolsheviks, in December they took Vladivostok . These last battles are immortalized in the song “ Partisans of the Amur ”.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dorothy Perkins: Japan Goes to War: A Chronology of Japanese Military Expansion from the Meiji Era to the Attack on Pearl Harbor (1868-1941) , DIANE Publishing, 1997, ISBN 0-788-13427-2 , p. 92.
  2. ↑ Dorothy Perkins: Japan Goes to War: A Chronology of Japanese Military Expansion from the Meiji Era to the Attack on Pearl Harbor (1868-1941) , DIANE Publishing, 1997, ISBN 0-788-13427-2 , p. 97.

literature