Coastal Wren

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Coastal Wren
Superciliated Wren - Ecuador S4E9157 (17166675562) .jpg

Coastal Wren ( Cantorchilus superciliaris )

Systematics
Order : Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination : Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily : Certhioidea
Family : Wrens (Troglodytidae)
Genre : Cantorchilus
Type : Coastal Wren
Scientific name
Cantorchilus superciliaris
( Lawrence , 1869)

The Coast Wren ( Cantorchilus superciliaris ) is a bird art from the family of wrens (Troglodytidae) in Ecuador and Peru is widespread. The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The coastal wren reaches a body length of about 14.5 cm. The reins are gray, the white stripe above the eye is distinctive, the stripe behind the eye is dark brown and the ear covers are yellow-brown- white . The top of the head is dark grayish brown, the back and shoulders reddish brown, a color that blends reddish at the rump . The wings of the hand and the wings appear warm brown with blackish stripes on the outer flags. The reddish brown control feathers are crossed by black horizontal stripes. The chin and throat are pale yellow-brown to white, the lower chest area looks darker and the flanks are more yellow-brown-gray. The eyes are brown, the upper beak black, the lower beak gray with a dark tip and the legs gray. It differs from the white-eared wren ( Cantorchilus leucotis ) by the white and not yellow-brown breast, as well as by the less marked ear covers. Both sexes are similar. Young animals have a less warm brown tint on the top and a dull-looking top of the head.

Behavior and nutrition

There is little data on the diet of the coastal wren. The stomach contents of some of the specimens examined contained insects. When looking for food, it is usually in pairs and looks for its food in the vegetation of the relatively low strata or even on the ground.

Vocalizations

The song of the coastal wren consists of a series of short repeated phrases of two to three tones, which are occasionally expanded into longer phrases with whistles. These don't sound as rich and musical as the white-eared wren. It is believed that both sexes sing.

Reproduction

In Peru, nests of the coastal wren were discovered at least in January and February. It probably breeds twice a year. The nest has the shape of a retort , is a rather thin construction, has a side entrance with a long front part for entry. The egg chamber is lined with finer material and feathers. He builds this 1.6 to 3.2 meters above the ground in the bush or tree. It is often found near a wasp's nest, less often under the roof of an older building. He builds several nests, but only a few are used for breeding. A clutch consists of two to three white eggs with a slight green tint. In a nest with a brood parasites of the species Seidenkuhstärling ( Molothrus bonariensis ) nestlings ten remained to thirteen days in the nest. Brood parasitism by cowbird seems to occur relatively frequently in coastal Wren.

distribution and habitat

The coastal wren prefers dry forests and scrub, hedges and scrubland. It occurs much less often in damp forests. It moves at altitudes of sea level up to 1500 meters, locally also up to 1850 meters.

migration

It is believed that the coastal wren is a resident bird .

Subspecies

There are two known subspecies.

  • Cantorchilus superciliaris superciliaris ( Lawrence , 1869) occurs in western Ecuador.
  • Cantorchilus superciliaris baroni ( Hellmayr , 1902) is widespread in southern Ecuador and western Peru. The subspecies appears more reddish than the nominate form , with the rump and rear back being more light yellow-brown.

Etymology and history of research

The first description of the coastal wren was in 1869 by George Newbold Lawrence under the scientific name Thryothorus superciliaris . The type specimen was collected by JF Reeve on Puná and sent to the Smithsonian Institution . In 2006, Nigel Ian Mann , Frederick Keith Barker , Jefferson Alden Graves , Kimberly Anne Dingess-Mann and Peter James Bramwell Slater introduced the genus Cantorchilus, which is new to science . This name is derived from "cantus" for "song" and "orkhilos ορχιλος " for "wren". The species name "superciliaris, supercilium" is the Latin word for "with eyebrows, eyebrows". "Baroni" is dedicated to Oscar Theodor Baron , who collected the copy on June 17, 1895 in Tembladera .

literature

  • Carl Eduard Hellmayr: A few more words about Tryophilus . In: Negotiations of the Imperial-Royal Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna . tape 52 , 1902, pp. 169-170 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Donald Eugene Kroodsma, David Brewer in: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal , David Andrew Christie , Eduardo de Juana: Superciliated Wren (Cantorchilus superciliaris) in Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • George Newbold Lawrence: Catalog of a Collection of Birds from Puna Islands, Gulf of Guayaquil, in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, collected by JF Reeve, Esq. In: Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York . tape 9 , 1869, pp. 234-238 ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1870).
  • Nigel Ian Mann, Frederick Keith Barker, Jefferson Alden Graves, Kimberly Anne Dingess-Mann, Peter James Bramwell Slater: Molecular data delineate four genera of "Thryothorus" wrens . In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . tape 40 , no. 3 , September 1, 2006, p. 750-759 , doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2006.04.014 (2006).

Web links

Commons : Coastal Wren ( Cantorchilus superciliaris )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Donald Eugene Kroodsma u. a.
  2. ↑ IOC World Bird List Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, hyliotas, wrens, gnatcatchers
  3. ^ A b George Newbold Lawrence (1869), p. 235.
  4. ^ A b Carl Eduard Hellmayr (1902), p. 170.
  5. ↑ a b Nigel Ian Mann u. a., p. 758.
  6. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 374.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Mann u. a. categorized the long-billed wren ( Cantorchilus longirostris ( Vieillot , 1819)) into the new genus.