Kınık Höyük
Coordinates: 37 ° 56 '14.9 " N , 34 ° 22' 48.4" E
Kınık Höyük (also Bayat Höyük ) is a settlement mound in southern Turkey that was inhabited from the early Bronze Age to the Middle Ages . It is located in southern Cappadocia , in the Altunhisar district of Niğde Province near Bayat . The hill has a height of about 20 meters and an average diameter of 180 meters.
The first to report from the hill was the Italian linguist Piero Meriggi , he visited it as part of a survey in the 1960s and described it as "the biggest site he visited in the Tyanis " (the largest site in the Tyanis) . Since 2011 , excavations have been carried out on the Kınık Höyük by an Italian-American-Turkish working group consisting of scientists from the University of Pavia , New York University , Niğde University and Erzurum University .
Excavation results
The excavators divide the settlement into seven periods from top to bottom:
- Period I: Middle Ages
after a hiatus follows
- Period II: Hellenistic period , 4th to 1st century BC Chr.
- Period III: Achaemenids , 6th to 4th century BC Chr.
- Period IV: late Iron Age , 7th to 6th centuries BC Chr.
- Period V: Middle Iron Age, 9th to 8th century BC Chr.
- Period VI: early Iron Age, 11th to 10th centuries BC Chr.
- Period VII:?
The main settlement period on the hill was the Middle Iron Age in the 9th and 8th centuries BC. BC, when Kınık Höyük belonged to the late Hittite Kingdom of Tuwana , the successor state of the Hittite Tuwanuwa . Among other things, extensive remains of a citadel were excavated , the walls of which were largely made of adobe bricks . Including various precursor structures, they were dated to the period from the Late Bronze Age to the early Middle Iron Age (1300–900 BC) with the help of the pottery found. The region of southern Cappadocia has been of strategic importance since prehistoric times, as the connecting routes from central Anatolia over the Taurus passes to southern Anatolia and Syria ran here.
Excavation cuts on the hill
Wall remains
Excavation cut on the southern slope
literature
- Silvia Balatti, Maria Elena Balza: Kınık-Höyük and Southern Cappadocia (Turkey): Geo-Archaeological Activities, Landscapes and Social Spaces. In: Robert Hofmann, Fevzi-Kemal Moetz, Johannes Müller (Eds.): Tells: Social and Environmental Space . Habelt, Bonn 2012, ISBN 978-3-7749-3765-9 , pp. 93-104.
- V. Cinieri, LD Alfonso, M. Morandotti: Building Techniques of Fortified Structures in Kınık Höyük Archaeological Excavation (Turkey) . Conference contribution, Mexico City 2014 ( online ).
- Nancy Highcock et al: Kınık Höyük, Niğde: A New Archaeological Project in Southern Cappadocia. In: Sharon R. Steadman, Gregory McMahon (Eds.): The Archeology of Anatolia: Recent Discoveries (2011-2014). Volume 1, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne 2015, ISBN 9781443884822 , pp. 98-126.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ L. D'Alfanso: Archaeological Survey in Northern Tyanis: Preliminary Report of the First Canpaign (2006) of the University of Pavia. In: 25. Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı 3. Cilt. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Dösimm Basımevi, Ankara 2008, ISBN 978-975-17-3317-7 , p. 3 ( PDF )