Charles Emanuel III. (Savoy)
Charles Emanuel III. ( Italian : Carlo Emanuele III. ) (* April 27, 1701 in Turin ; † February 20, 1773 ibid) was Duke of Savoy and King of Sardinia-Piedmont .
Life
Karl Emanuel was the second son of King Victor Amadeus II of Savoy and his wife Anne Marie of Orléans . After his father became King of Sardinia in 1720, Charles Emanuel became Duke of Savoy. In 1730, after his father's abdication, he took over the duchy and Charles Emanuel became king of Sardinia. His father's attempt to take over the government again was foiled by his arrest in 1731. After the death of his father in 1732 he was again Duke of Savoy.
In the War of the Polish Succession in 1733 he joined France , conquered the Duchy of Milan , defeated the imperial family at Guastalla and acquired Novara . In the War of the Austrian Succession he took up arms for Maria Theresa , but always behaved in such a way that the Austrians did not get the exclusive predominance in Northern Italy, and in the Peace of Aachen (1748) obtained several parts of Lombardy .
For the administration of justice in Sardinia-Piedmont, he issued the Corpus Carolinum in 1770 . He died in Turin on February 21, 1773.
Through his mother, Charles Emanuel III was a great-grandson of King Charles I of England from the House of Stuart. Therefore, after the Stuarts became extinct in 1807, the Jacobites derived their claim to the throne for his grandson Charles Emanuel IV .
He was also a brother of Maria Adelaide of Savoy (1685-1712), who married the designated French heir to the throne, Louis of Burgundy . The son from this connection was the future King Louis XV. Another sister, Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy (1688-1714) married Philip of Anjou, the brother of Louis of Burgundy, who became King of Spain as Philip V. From this marriage went the Spanish kings Ludwig I and Ferdinand VI . emerged.
progeny
In his first marriage he married Anna Christine Luise von Pfalz-Sulzbach (1704–1723), who gave him his son
- Vittorio Amedeo (7 March 1723 - 11 August 1725), Duke of Aosta,
gave birth.
(Maria Giovanna Clementi, 1730/31, Musée Savoisien, Chambéry )
On July 23, 1724, he married Polyxena von Hessen-Rotenburg-Rheinfels (* 1706; † 1735), with whom he had the following six children:
- Viktor Amadeus III. (26 June 1726 - 16 October 1796), King of Sardinia
- Eleonora Maria (February 28, 1728 - August 15, 1781), Princess of Savoy.
- Maria Luisa (March 25, 1729 - August 22, 1767), Princess of Savoy.
- Maria Felicita (March 19, 1730 - May 13, 1801), Princess of Savoy.
- Emanuele Filiberto (May 17, 1731 - March 25, 1735), Duke of Aosta
- Carlo Francesco (23 July 1733 - 28 December 1733), Duke of Chablais
In his third marriage he was married to Elisabeth Therese von Lothringen (* 1711; † 1741), who made him the father of the following three children:
- Carlo Francesco (December 1, 1738 - March 25, 1745), Duke of Aosta.
- Maria Vittoria (June 22, 1740 - July 14, 1742), Princess of Savoy.
- Benedetto Maurizio (born June 21, 1741 - † January 4, 1808), Duke of Chablais ⚭ 1775 his niece Maria Anna of Savoy.
literature
- Domenico Carutti di Cantogno: Storia del regno di Carlo Emanuele III. - Turin, 1859
Individual evidence
- ↑ Friedrich Wilhelm Schubert : Handbuch der Allgemeine staatskunde von Europa , vol. 1, part 4, p. 351. Gebrüder Bornträger, Königsberg 1839.
Web links
- Tripota - Trier portrait database
- Works by and about Karl Emanuel III. in the German Digital Library
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
|
Viktor Amadeus II |
King of Sardinia 1730–1773 |
Viktor Amadeus III. |
|
Viktor Amadeus II. Viktor Amadeus II. |
Duke of Savoy 1720–1730 1732–1773 |
Viktor Amadeus II. Viktor Amadeus III. |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Charles Emanuel III. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Carlo Emanuele III. (Italian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | King of Sardinia-Piedmont and Duke of Savoy |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 27, 1701 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Turin |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 20, 1773 |
| Place of death | Turin |