Karl Fischer (politician, 1893)

Karl Ferdinand Fischer (born January 19, 1893 in Reichenschwand , Bavaria ; † March 25, 1940 in Sachsenhausen concentration camp ) was a German politician ( KPD ) and resistance fighter against the Nazi regime .

Life

Fischer, son of a worker, learned the trade of locksmith and then worked in this trade. In 1910 he joined the SPD . In 1914 he was called up as a soldier for military service. After the First World War he worked as a locksmith in Nuremberg . Fischer had already taken part in wage disputes and strikes before the November Revolution of 1918 . He was therefore repeatedly reprimanded and dismissed.

In 1921 he joined the KPD. At the beginning of 1927 he became the organ leader of the KPD district of Northern Bavaria. At the Essen party congress of the KPD in March 1927, he was elected as a candidate for the central committee of the KPD. In autumn 1927, Fischer was sent to the Palatinate together with August Creutzburg as commissioner of the Central Committee to lead this ultra-left district. After Creutzburg's departure, Fischer became political leader (Polleiter) for the Palatinate in Ludwigshafen am Rhein in April 1928 . On the XII. In 1929, Fischer was re-elected as a candidate for the Central Committee.

After briefly attending a German party school in 1927, Fischer was delegated to the International Lenin School in Moscow in September 1929 . After his return from Moscow in June 1930, Fischer became Polleiter of the newly created, unified KPD district of Baden-Palatinate in Mannheim . In April 1932 he was elected to the Prussian state parliament in the constituency of Merseburg . In the same month, Robert Klausmann replaced him as pollen manager.

After the illegal leadership of the KPD in the Hesse-Kassel district was arrested in May 1933 as a result of the National Socialists ' seizure of power , Fischer took over the leadership and organized the resistance struggle. On 20 November 1933 he was arrested on 7 November 1934 to three years in prison convicted. In Luckau prison he headed an illegal KPD training group, and on December 14, 1937, after his sentence had expired, he was deported to Sachsenhausen concentration camp. Here he was one of the leading organizers of illegal resistance in the camp. Together with Bernhard Bästlein and Karl Wloch , he wrote the Sachsenhausen song (“We step firmly in the same step”). On March 25, 1940, Fischer died of a heart condition caused by abuse and severe prison conditions.

literature

• Heinz Schumann, Gerda Werner (eds.): Fight the human right. Life pictures and last letters from anti-fascist resistance fighters. Dietz, Berlin 1958, p. 151.
• Hermann Weber : The change in German communism. The Stalinization of the KPD in the Weimar Republic. Volume 2. Frankfurt am Main 1969, p. 117.
• Luise Kraushaar : German resistance fighters 1933-1945. Biographies and letters. Volume 1. Dietz, Berlin 1970, pp. 260f.
• Martin Schumacher (Hrsg.): MdL The end of the parliaments in 1933 and the members of the state parliaments and citizenships of the Weimar Republic in the time of National Socialism. Political persecution, emigration and expatriation 1933–1945. Droste, Düsseldorf 1995, ISBN 3-77005-189-0 , p. 38.
• Katja Klein: Kazett poetry. Investigations into poems and songs from the Sachsenhausen concentration camp . Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1995, ISBN 3-826-01057-4 , p. 62f.
• Klaus J. Becker: The KPD in Rhineland-Palatinate 1946–1956 . von Hase & Koehler, Mainz 2001, ISBN 3-7758-1393-4 , p. 435f.
• Fischer, Karl Ferdinand . In: Hermann Weber, Andreas Herbst : German Communists. Biographical Handbook 1918 to 1945 . 2nd revised and greatly expanded edition. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6 , p. 247.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Erich Matthias, Hermann Weber (ed.): Resistance to National Socialism in Mannheim . Edition Quadrat, Mannheim 1984, ISBN 3-923003-27-7 , p. 253.
2. ^ According to Weber / Herbst (2008) as early as February 1937.
3. ↑ Lyrics .