Karl Friedrich Scheid

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Karl Friedrich Scheid (born on June 22, 1906 in Frankfurt am Main ; died on May 5, 1945 at Tegernsee ) was a German psychiatrist and neurologist and most recently a senior physician at the Munich-Schwabing hospital . Shortly before the end of the war, he was shot by the SS .

Life

After completing his doctorate at the University of Bonn in 1930, Scheid became an assistant at the German Research Institute for Psychiatry in Munich under Kurt Schneider in 1931 , then senior physician in the psychiatric department in the Munich-Schwabing hospital , the clinical department of the research institute. In 1938 he completed his habilitation with a thesis on febrile episodes with schizophrenic psychoses . In his scientific work, he tried above all to examine the physical symptoms of mental illnesses, especially schizophrenia , using mainly methods of CSF diagnostics. He also dealt with questions of ethics and the political implications of psychiatric activities going beyond purely scientific and medical aspects. In an essay published posthumously in 1947, he wrote:

“The living source of research will always have to be the sick person himself, who is a unity in a scientific and ethical sense. But even this ethical moment, the idea of ​​healing, as we called it, is more endangered today than ever. If it is not possible to keep this idea alive, our subject will become a pure police operation. "

During the Second World War , Scheid served as a medical officer and worked in nerve hospitals, especially in the military hospital housed in the Munich University Mental Hospital, where he also headed the chemical and serological laboratory under Oswald Bumke . The military hospital and mental hospital were evacuated to Tegernsee in 1944 . In April 1945 Scheid joined the resistance group " Freedom Action Bavaria " under Captain Rupprecht Gerngross . On their behalf, Scheid and a colleague tried to prevent the bombing of the Tegernsee valley with its numerous hospitals and military hospitals by negotiating with the Allies and to achieve a surrender without a fight. On a trip to the handover negotiations, he was shot from behind after passing an SS post on the northern outskirts of Bad Wiessee and succumbed to his injury two days later. His mission was nevertheless successful and the combat bombers already requested were canceled in the early morning hours of May 4th.

Scheid was married to Lotte Scheid-Seydel, who also took part in the liquor diagnostic studies while he was working at the university mental hospital.

The Scheidplatz in Munich in close proximity to his former place of work (now the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry ) is named after him. In 2015 it was decided that the street sign should be given an addition to remember the name giver. In Bad Wiessee, a memorial plaque not far from the casino commemorates Scheid and his two companions, Franz Heiß and Franz Winter (who was also seriously injured and probably also died of his injury).

Fonts

  • Febrile episodes with schizophrenic psychosis. A clinical and pathophysiological study. Habilitation thesis, Munich 1937, Thieme, Leipzig 1937.

literature

  • Wilhelm Appel: Personal bibliographies of professors and lecturers in psychiatry and neurology at the medical faculty of the University of Munich and of the department heads of the German Research Institute for Psychiatry in Munich in the approximate period from 1870-1945. Dissertation Erlangen-Nuremberg 1970, p. 135 f.
  • A. Danek: Karl Friedrich Scheid - on the 50th anniversary of his death. In: Münchner medical Wochenschrift. 137 (1995), pp. 656-658.
  • A. Danek: Karl Friedrich Scheid (1906–1945). In: The neurologist. Vol. 73, H. 11 (2002), S: 1130 f., Doi: 10.1007 / s00115-002-1375-3 , online .
  • Hanns Hippius : The Psychiatric Clinic of the University of Munich 1904-2004. Springer, Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-540-64530-6 , p. 129, digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D1FQhBAAAQBA~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA129~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D .
  • Kurt Kolle : 50 years of the mental hospital at the University of Munich. In: Monthly Journal for Psychiatry and Neurology , 129, 1955, pp. 178-188.
  • Alma Kreuter: German-speaking neurologists and psychiatrists. Volume 3. Saur, Munich 1996, p. 1254 f. (with bibliography of Scheid's writings).
  • Klaus Wiendl: SS continues to fight despite white flags . In: Tegernsee Voice , May 1, 2015, accessed on July 16, 2016.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The position of neurology and psychiatry in the context of the Universitas literarum. In: H. Kranz (Ed.): Work on psychiatry, neurology and their border areas. Festschrift for Kurt Schneider. Scherer, Heidelberg 1947, pp. 47-62.
  2. ↑ In memory. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . June 9, 2015, accessed April 29, 2020 .
  3. ↑ In memory . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , June 9, 2015; accessed on July 16, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Scheid, Karl Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German psychiatrist and neurologist
DATE OF BIRTH June 22, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH May 5, 1945
Place of death at the Tegernsee