Tržek Charterhouse
 
| ||
The location of the Charterhouse on the map of the Czech Republic. |
The Kartause Tržek (also Kartause Maria Dornbusch in Tržek ; Czech Kartouza Tržek , Kartouza Keř P. Marie , also Kartouza Hájek P. Marie , Latin Cartusia Rubus S. Mariae ) was a monastery of the Carthusian order . It was built in 1378 on the episcopal estate in Tržek in the East Bohemian diocese of Litomysl . The first prior was Johann von Lenbach from the Mainz Charterhouse . Most of the monks left the Charterhouse in 1389, the last monks followed them in 1394. After Prague and Královo Pole near Brno, the Tržek Charterhouse was the third Charterhouse in Bohemia and Moravia .
Today Tržek, which is five kilometers northwest of Leitomischl , belongs to the Pardubický kraj in the Czech Republic.
history
The village Tržek was first mentioned in the mid-14th century and was owned by a suffragan of the 1344 Archdiocese of Prague founded diocese Leitomischl, the first bishop of the Norbertine John I was. After Bishop Albrecht von Sternberg , who was already bishop of Leitomischl from 1364-1368, was called there a second time in 1371, he tried to establish a Charterhouse in his diocese area from 1376 onwards. For this purpose he donated the Tržek episcopal estate, on which there was a small hunting lodge. The General Chapter of the Carthusians appointed Johann von Lenbach ( Jan z Lenpachu ) from the Carthusian Monastery of St. Michaels-Berg in Mainz as the founding prior of Tržek. He and twelve monks moved into the provisional premises as early as 1378.
With the founding deed of December 24, 1378, Bishop Albrecht determined that the Charterhouse should consist of twelve monks and a prior. At the same time, he undertook to complete the construction of the monastery church that had begun, which was to be consecrated to the Assumption of Mary and John the Baptist , as well as to build a walled monastery complex consisting of fifteen monk cells, sacristy, chapel, refectory, cloister, kitchen, cellar vault, well and other facilities should exist. To secure the economic security of the Charterhouse and the monks, he acquired Dolein and Towersch on August 22, 1378 from Půta von Wildenberg ( z Wildenberka az Loštic ) and on May 8, 1379 from Beneš and Proček von Wildenberg on Bouzov Moravichan and Palonín . All four places were all in Moravia and belonged to the Olomouc bishopric .
Soon after the death of Bishop Albrecht in 1380, the Tržek Charterhouse got into economic hardship. A disadvantage was that the places he donated were too far away from Tržek. Therefore, the aim was to move the Charterhouse closer to the estates, thereby facilitating their management and ensuring the food of the monks. As early as 1386 the General Chapter commissioned the Prague Prior Albert to transfer some of the monks to Moravia. However, since the proposed Dolein and its surroundings belonged to the Diocese of Olomouc , the consent of Bishop Peter Jelito had to be obtained, who gave it shortly before his death in 1387.
Most of the Carthusian monks left Tržek in East Bohemia in 1388 with the consent of Margrave Jobst and went to Dolein, which was already in their possession. There they founded the Charterhouse "Thal Josaphat" (Latin Vallis Josaphat ; Czech Údoli Josafat ). The novice of the Charterhouse in Prague , Stephan von Schramm, who came from Moravia and is also known as Stephan von Dolein , was appointed first prior of the Carthusian Monastery of Dolein . Since some of the monks initially remained in Tržek, Stephan was also responsible for them as prior. The Tržek prior Johann von Lenbach was transferred to Prague, where he died on March 12, 1415. The last monks left the Tržek Charterhouse in 1394. During the Hussite Wars , the monastery complex was largely destroyed in the spring of 1421 and subsequently left to decay.
Only the Na kartouzách square in Tržek reminds of the former Charterhouse .
literature
- Rudolf Hikl: Stěpán z Dolan . Olomouc 1966.
Web links
- History of the Charterhouse (Czech) (PDF; 105 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Inconsistent spelling; sometimes Leubach too .
Coordinates: 49 ° 53 ′ 9.3 " N , 16 ° 15 ′ 37" E