Kerch vases
As Kerch Style , also vases in the Kerch style is called in the archaeological research the vases of the last phase of the red-figure style in Attica . The chronological classification is still problematic today, a rough dating to the time between 375 and 330/20 BC. Is accepted today.
The Kerch vases were named after the place where a large number of such vases were found in Kerch on the Black Sea , most of which are now in the Hermitage in St. Petersburg . It is difficult to draw a clear boundary to the Attic red-figure vases of the so-called plain style of the late classical period around painters such as the Jena painter and the Meleager painter . The end of this style is also considered to be the end of red-figure painting in Athens . The identification of individual painters is sometimes very difficult.
As long as the vases were still being produced, they were exported to the entire Mediterranean area as before, but in this later phase exports to the Pontic region predominated . Most of the previously common vase shapes were still painted, but mostly craters , lekanids and peliks . Above all, pictures from the world of women, which is idyllically exaggerated, Dionysian themes and themes from the world of Artemis and Demeter are shown . The motif of the griffin fight is also typical. On the one hand, the figures shown are often elegant and often very adorned. On the other hand, they are also stylized and appear mannerist . Details and ornaments are becoming more important again, the best works are reminiscent of works from the 5th century BC. The main additional colors used were white, yellow and gold. The mostly unclean painting on the back is typical.
With the Marsyas Painter , the Eleusinian Painter and the Painter of Athens in 12592 , vase painting in Athens once again reached a brief qualitative peak. But shortly afterwards, the Attic red-figured vase painting ends with the painters of the YZ group , after a short phase of producing many low-quality vases in several workshops. More recent research has produced findings in this research area, which has been neglected for a long time. Karl Schefold carried out the first significant research achievements . The basic researcher in the field of Attic vase painting, John D. Beazley , occupied himself with vases quite late and he did not follow Schefold in all results. In the last few years in particular, the analysis of Panathenaic price amphoras from the 4th century BC New knowledge can be gained from Eretria . In addition, local production sites of Kerch vases outside of Attica, for example on Chalkidike, have been identified. Overall, the Lower Italian workshops at the time of the Kerch style were superior to the Attic production facilities, where red-figure painting was able to persist for some time.
Other representatives of the style included:
- Amazons painter
- Apollonia group
- Painter from Athens 1375
- Erotostasia painter
- FB group
- Filottrano painter
- Group G
- Helena painter
- Heracles Painter
- Painter of the wedding procession
- LC group
- Group of London E 230
- Otchet group
- Pasithea painter
- Pompe painter
- Pourtales painter
- Toya painter
literature
- John D. Beazley : Attic red-figure vase-painters. 2nd edition. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1963.
- John Boardman : Red-Figure Vases from Athens. The classical time (= cultural history of the ancient world . Vol. 48). Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1991, ISBN 3-8053-1262-8 , especially pp. 198–203.
- Stella Drougou: Kerch vases. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 6, Metzler, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-476-01476-2 , column 447 f.
