Khan Temir

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Khan Temir (also Kantymir Murza , Kantimir Murza , Kantemir Mirza , Cantemir Bey , called the Bloody Sword ; * XVI. Century ; † 1637 in Constantinople ) was a Tatar-Nogai military leader from around 1603 and Khan of the Nogai Horde in the Jedisan , Budschak and Dobruja .

Life

Temir served the Ottoman Empire as the military leader of the Tatar vassal peoples and was a declared enemy of Poland-Lithuania . He controlled the entire northeastern sphere of influence of the Sublime Porte in the Jedisan, Budschak and Dobruja. From these areas he conducted several raids against Christian areas ( Principality of Moldova , Poland-Lithuania, etc.).

In 1612 he defeated the troops of the Polish magnate Stefan Potocki and the Moldovan prince Constantin Movilă in the battle of Sasowy Róg . From 1620 he took part in the Ottoman – Polish War of 1620–1621 , for example in the Battle of Cecora in 1620 , in which he destroyed the Polish-Lithuanian troops under the command of Stanisław Żółkiewski during their retreat to flee for a year later, in the Battle of Chocim, in 1621 to go to war again against Poland-Lithuania, in which he won the Ottoman title of Beylerby .

The military setback of the Ottoman Empire at Chocim and the subsequent Polish-Ottoman peace treaty did not prevent Temir from carrying out private raids against Poland-Lithuania. However, he was defeated several times in the area of ​​today's Ukraine in the Battle of Martynów in 1624 by the troops of the Polish Grand Hetman of the Crown Stanisław Koniecpolski and in the Battle of Gniła Lipa in 1629 by the Kiev voivod Stefan Chmielecki several times. Temir then took part in the Ottoman – Polish War of 1633–1634 . He tried the one in 1635 by civil war in the Crimean Khanate prevailing power vacuum exploit and control of this Tatar khanate to take over. He was defeated in the course of the fighting in 1637 and executed in Constantinople on the orders of the Ottoman Sultan Murad IV , together with İnayet Giray, Khan of the Crimea.

literature

  • Bohdan Baranowski: Polska a Tatarszczyzna w latach 1624-1629 , Wydawnictwa Łódzkiego Towarzystwa Naukowego, 1948
  • Leszek Podhorodecki, Noj Raszba: Wojna chocimska 1621 roku , Wydawn. Literackie, 1979
  • Leszek Podhorodecki: Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, 1560-1621 , Wydawn. Ministerial Office Obrony Narodowej, 1982

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sławomir Leśniewski: Wielcy hetmani Rzeczypospolitej , MADA, 2003, p 192
  2. ↑ Sławomir Leśniewski: Wielcy hetmani Rzeczypospolitej , MADA, 2003, p 192
  3. ↑ Józef Szujski: Dzieje Polski: podług ostatnich badań , Volume 3, 1864, p. 296
personal data
SURNAME Khan Temir
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kantymir Murza; the bloody sword
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Tatar general and Khan of the Jedisan, Budschak and Dobruja horde
DATE OF BIRTH 16th Century
DATE OF DEATH 1637
Place of death Constantinople