Rattle warbler
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Rattle Warbler ( Sylvia curruca ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Sylvia curruca | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1758) |
The Klappergrasmücke ( Sylvia curruca ), also fence warbler called, is a singing bird from the genus of Whitethroats ( Sylvia ). It is common throughout Europe and is the smallest native warbler.
description
The rattle warbler is 11.5 to 13.5 centimeters long and weighs 12 to 16 grams. The upper side is gray-brown, the vertex and the relatively short tail are gray, the underside is colored white. The flanks are slightly light brown. The throat is whitish, the head is gray and the legs are dark. The iris is dark, the lower eyelid is light. The safest distinguishing feature are the gray, demarcated ear covers. Males and females have the same coloration. A rattle warbler can live up to eleven years.
Subspecies
The entire complex of subspecies and related species is currently (2019) undergoing a major revision. The IOU currently only recognizes three subspecies:
- S. c. curruca ( Linnaeus , 1758) - nominate form , Europe to West Siberia, Asia Minor and Iran.
- S. c. blythi Ticehurst & Whistler , 1933 - North-Central Siberia and Kazakhstan to Mongolia and Northeast China.
- S. c. halimodendri Suschkin , 1904 - southern Russia and Kazakhstan to northwestern Mongolia.
The following subspecies are sometimes listed as separate species:
- Black Warbler ( S. [c.] Minula Hume , 1873) - Kazakhstan to western China; is smaller, browner and lighter.
- S. c./m. margelanica Stolzmann , 1898 - North China; Bush warbler subspecies.
- Marshmallow Warbler ( S. [c.] Althaea Hume , 1878) - Iran, Turkmenistan to Northern Pakistan; is bigger and darker.
voice
The call is a dry clicking "tett". On the train you can also hear a shouting "Che-Che-Che ..." that sounds a bit like the blue tit. In Europe the singing is a loud rattling "telltelltell ..." in front of which a quiet, hasty chatter can be heard. This “vocal prelude” is predominant in Eastern Central Europe , Turkey , the Caucasus and Siberia .
Habitat and Distribution
The rattle warbler lives in gardens, parks, mountains and open wooded areas.
It is found in almost all of Europe , with the exception of Spain , western France , Ireland , northern Scandinavia and most of Italy .
train
As a long-distance migrant, it stays in its breeding grounds from April to October. The winter quarters are in East Africa .
nutrition
Rattle warblers feed on spiders , mollusks, berries , insects and larvae .
Reproduction
The rattle warbler is sexually mature from the age of one year . The bowl-shaped nest , built from grass, roots, hair and stalks, is usually hidden just above the ground in thick scrub or conifers. The 3 to 5 eggs are incubated alternately by both partners for 11 to 13 days in the main breeding season May to July. The young birds hatch naked and stay in the nest for 11 to 14 days.
literature
- L. Svensson, PJ Grant, K. Mullarney, D. Zetterström: The new cosmos bird guide - All species of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East . Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co., Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07720-9 .
Web links
- Sylvia curruca in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2008. Accessed January 30 of 2009.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Sylvia curruca in the Internet Bird Collection
- Feathers of the rattle warbler
Individual evidence
- ^ Frank Gill & David Donsker, IOC World Bird List v 8.2 : Sylviid babblers, parrotbills, white-eyes