Cluj-Napoca (Koblenz)
The Cluj formerly also Schützenburg called, is a complex of buildings in Koblenz , the first as a press house , then as fortification, Villa was used and restoration building. When it was used as a fortification, the Klausenburg in the Ehrenbreitstein district was part of the city fortifications there . Thus it belonged to the Niederehrenbreitstein system of the Prussian fortress Koblenz .
history
The building complex was built in 1828 on a steep slope by the wine merchant Buschmann as a press house. In 1853 Josef Buschmann inherited his father's wine trade in Ehrenbreitstein. He decided to expand the press house into a prestigious residence and to turn the wine trade into a winery . However, the expansion plans were opposed to the Prussian rayon regulations , according to which massive construction was not permitted in the immediate vicinity of the Klausenberg plant . In this situation, Buschmann benefited from the expansion plans for the Ehrenbreitstein city fortifications , so that the villa could now be built from 1856–1857 according to plans by Karl August von Cohausen . It was included in the city fortifications and expanded in terms of defense.
Buschmann tried to sell the building as early as 1860, presumably because the villa was not suitable for residential use due to its limited number of sometimes oversized rooms. Since there was initially no buyer for the property, the villa was ultimately intended as a shooting prize at an international shooting festival organized by the Cologne shooting association . Although there was a winner, the villa was never handed over to him, as rumor has it that the then club chairman ran away with the proceeds at the beginning of the festival. The name Schützenburg has remained from this time , under which a restaurant was finally opened in 1894 after several changes of ownership . After another change of ownership, the restaurant and with it the entire building complex was named Klausenburg Castle in 1900 . Lieutenant Colonel Wilhelm von Bötticher , the owner of the neighboring Villa Rheinburg (formerly the Klausenberg plant), acquired the building in 1906 and had it converted into a residential building. Since that time, the Cluj-Napoca expanded through various extensions and renovations until 1919, before it was divided into individual residential units in 1930, which were then gradually sold. Today the Cluj-Napoca belongs to several owners.
construction
The core of the building complex is the press house built in 1828, which was made of quarry stone . Due to its proximity to the Klausenberg plant, the building was made defensible and had a number of loopholes that can still be seen today. A large hall was added to the west of the building from 1856, the space above initially remained undeveloped. New and old buildings received four towers or turrets. The entire masonry was also made of rubble. Apparently, the building was initially unsuitable as a residential building. This only changed under Wilhelm von Bötticher, who had the building rebuilt after 1906. In the following decades the Cluj-Napoca grew to a total of 27 large and small rooms through various modifications and additions. Today it also has seven large and small towers and twelve entrance doors, [...] of which four are representative main entrances.
To commemorate the fortifications, a marble plaque is built into the tallest tower of the building:
- “ Built 1856 / v. Jos. Bushman / u. Cath. Buschmann / b. White / by builder A. von Cohausen / u. Master mason / Joh. Hasbach. "
Monument protection
Cluj-Napoca is a protected cultural monument according to the Monument Protection Act (DSchG) and is entered in the list of monuments of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate . It is located in Koblenz-Ehrenbreitstein at Klausenbergweg 6, 6a, 8 .
Klausenburg has been part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002 .
literature
- Matthias Kellermann: The Prussian fortress Koblenz and Ehrenbreitstein. On the history of the fortifications on the right bank of the Rhine , Koblenz 2011. ISBN 978-3-934795-63-1 .
- Marianne Schwickerath: 1857-1997. For the 140th anniversary of Cluj-Napoca , Koblenz-Ehrenbreitstein 1997.
- Ulrike Weber (edit.): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 3.3: City of Koblenz. Districts. Werner, Worms 2013, ISBN 978-3-88462-345-9 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Schwickerath, p. 78.
- ↑ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - district-free city of Koblenz (PDF; 1.5 MB), Koblenz 2013
Coordinates: 50 ° 21 ′ 32.5 " N , 7 ° 36 ′ 50.7" E