Small tube-nosed bat

Small tube-nosed bat
Systematics
Order :	Bats (chiroptera)
Superfamily :	Smooth-nosed (Vespertilionoidea)
Family :	Smooth-nosed (Vespertilionidae)
Subfamily :	Tube-nosed bats (Murininae)
Genre :	Murina
Type :	Small tube-nosed bat
Scientific name
	Murina aurata
	Milne-Edwards , 1872

The small tube-nosed bat ( Murina aurata ) is a species of the genus Murina within the bats . It occurs in Asia from central China and northeast India via Myanmar to the mainland regions of Southeast Asia .

features

The small tube-nosed bat is the smallest species of the genus Murina and reaches a head-trunk length of about 33 to 35 millimeters and a tail length of about 29 to 31 millimeters. The hind feet are 7 to 8 millimeters long. The ears are short, wide and round, they are 10 to 12 millimeters in length. The back hair is grayish black at the base and has a golden sheen at the tip. The hair on the ventral side is also gray-black at the base, the tips are white. The forearm length is 28 to 32 millimeters, the hand-held flight membranes start at the base of the toes and the tail flight-skin (uropatagium) is covered with small, curled hair. The nasal passages are elongated as is typical of the species, they open forward and to the side.

2	·	1	·	2	·	3	= 34
3	·	1	·	2	·	3	= 34

Tooth formula of the Murina species

The skull has a total length of 15.6 to 15.9 millimeters with a very flat snout area (rostrum). Like other Murina TYPES owned pets two front teeth (incisors), a canine (canine), two Vorbackenzähne (Praemolares) and three molars (Molar) in one half of the maxilla. In the lower jaw there is one more incisor per half of the jaw, a total of 34 teeth. The anterior premolar of the upper jaw (P2) is significantly smaller than the posterior (P4). The canines of the lower jaw are comparatively small and roughly correspond in height to the following premolar p2.

distribution

The lesser tube-nosed bat occurs in East and South Asia from central China , central and western Nepal and northeast India ( Sikkim ) via Myanmar to Thailand , Laos and Vietnam and probably Cambodia . In China, the species has been found in Sichuan , Gansu , Yunnan , Guizhou and Xizang as well as on Hainan . The altitude distribution in South Asia ranges from about 2000 to more than 4000 meters.

Way of life

Comparatively little information is available about the way of life and ecology of the lesser tube-nosed bat. Like other bats, it is nocturnal and lives mainly on insects, which it prey on in flight. It sometimes flies close to the ground. It lives in highland areas and has been caught several times, especially at altitudes around 4000 meters. It probably doesn't live in caves and is more likely to hide in the canopy of vegetation or in tree trunks. In Sikkim, India, the species was partially caught in agricultural areas at heights of around 2000 meters, and in Vietnam the evidence comes from primary forest stands .

Systematics

The small tube-nosed bat is assigned to the genus Murina as an independent species . The first scientific description comes from the French zoologist Alphonse Milne-Edwards from 1872 on the basis of individuals from the Baoxing region (formerly Moupin) in Sechuan in what is now the People's Republic of China, whom Father Armand David sent to Paris.

In addition to the nominate form, no further subspecies are distinguished within the species , although a second subspecies with the name Murina aurata faee Thomas , 1891, was partially recognized.

Hazard and protection

The species is classified as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) due to its large distribution area and frequent occurrence. There are no known threats to the species’s population, but it is possible that habitat transformation poses a threat to regional populations, particularly in Southeast Asia.

supporting documents

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Don E. Wilson: Little Tube-Nosed Bat. In: Andrew T. Smith , Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, 2008; P. 383, ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 .
↑ Don E. Wilson: Murina. In: Andrew T. Smith , Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, 2008; P. 383 ff. ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Murina aurata in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2017-3. Posted by: C. Francis, P. Bates, S. Bumrungsri, N. Francis, G. Csorba, S. Molur, C. Srinivasulu, 2008. Retrieved March 11, 2018.
^ ^A ^b Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (eds.): Murina (Murina) aurata in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed).

literature

Don E. Wilson: Little Tube-Nosed Bat. In: Andrew T. Smith , Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, 2008; P. 383, ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 .

Web links

Murina aurata inthe IUCN 2017-3 Red List of Threatened Species . Posted by: C. Francis, P. Bates, S. Bumrungsri, N. Francis, G. Csorba, S. Molur, C. Srinivasulu, 2008. Retrieved March 11, 2018.

[Smith_&_Yan_Xie_2009-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Don E. Wilson: Little Tube-Nosed Bat. In: Andrew T. Smith , Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, 2008; P. 383, ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 .

[Smith_&_Yan_Xie_2009_Murina-2] Don E. Wilson: Murina. In: Andrew T. Smith , Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, 2008; P. 383 ff. ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 .

[IUCN-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Murina aurata in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2017-3. Posted by: C. Francis, P. Bates, S. Bumrungsri, N. Francis, G. Csorba, S. Molur, C. Srinivasulu, 2008. Retrieved March 11, 2018.

[Wilson_&_Reeder_2005-4] A ^b Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (eds.): Murina (Murina) aurata in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed).