Oberalteich Monastery
The Oberalteich Abbey (also Oberaltaich Abbey ) is a former Benedictine monastery in Oberalteich in Lower Bavaria in the Diocese of Regensburg .
history
The monastery, consecrated to St. Peter and Paul, was founded around 1100 by Count Friedrich von Bogen, who was also Domvogt of Regensburg. The first abbot, Egino, like his successors, came from the neighboring Niederaltaich monastery until 1170 ; like this abbey, Oberaltaich was also influenced by the Gorzer reform . The young monastery was financially exploited by the Counts of Bogen , who ruled over the monastery until 1242. It was only when the Wittelsbachers took over the bailiwick after the Count of Bogen had died out that the monastery under Abbot Poppo (1260–1282) experienced the first heyday of monastic life and scientific activity.
After a major fire in 1245, the abbots Heimo (1247–1252) and Purchard (1256–1260) renewed the monastery complex. The monastery was fortified under Abbot Friedrich II (1346-1358). At the time of Abbot Johann II Asperger (1438 to 1463) the church was redesigned. This medieval monastery complex was only renewed under Abbot Veit Höser (1604 to 1634). The complex was completely redesigned in Baroque style under the abbots Roman Denis (1682 to 1695), Benedikt Resch (1695 to 1704) and Ignatz Scherlin (1704 to 1721). The artist Joseph Anton Merz from Straubing worked as an artist .
The monastery was dissolved in 1803 in the course of secularization . The monastery buildings were sold. A parish and an additional apartment for a day laborer were housed in the convent building. In 1847 the historical grave monuments were brought from the monastery church to Vilshofen and used there to build a dam.
Abbots of the monastery
- Egino, approx. 1080–1105, from Niederaltaich Abbey
- Ruothard, approx. 1106–1114, from Niederaltaich Abbey
- Ludger, approx. 1115–1137, from Niederaltaich Abbey
- Luitpold I, approx. 1138–1148, from Niederaltaich Abbey
- Dietrich, approx. 1160–1180, from Niederaltaich Abbey
- Konrad I. Gwaerler, approx. 1180–1184
- Tungsten, ca. 1184-1194
- Frederick I, 1194–1195
- Gotpold, 1195-1213
- Luitpold II, 1213-1215
- Conrad II. Rufus 1215-1223
- Ulrich I., 1224-1231
- Ernst, 1231-1234
- Ulrich II., 1234-1240
- Ulrich III., 1240-1247
- Heimo, 1247-1252
- Purchard, 1256-1260
- Poppo, 1260–1282: first great heyday of the abbey; New construction of the monastery (1256) and new construction of the church as a three-aisled Romanesque basilica; Reform of monastic life and cultivation of science
- Conrad III. Piper, 1282-1297; At the suggestion of Prior Albert von Haigeloch (later beatified), construction of a leper house
- Conrad IV., 1297-1311
- Heinrich I von Geiersthal, 1311-1316
- Heinrich II. Stubhan, 1316-1329
- Ulrich IV., 1330–1338: 1340 Completion of the diversion of the Danube at the monastery suggested by Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian
- Wolfgang, 1338-1346
- Friedrich II., 1346–1358: Fortification of the monastery with ramparts and moats
- Lautwin, 1358-1362
- Ruger, 1362-1366
- Eberwin, 1366-1379
- Peter Ursenbeck, 1379–1403: economic rehabilitation of the monastery
- Gallus, 1403-1405
- Johann I. Vogel, 1405-1423
- Jakob Glettner, 1423–1438: received from Pope Eugene IV in 1431 the right to use the pontificals for himself and his successors
- Johann II. Asperger, 1438–1463: Renewal of the monastery buildings and refurbishment of the monastery church
- Benedict I. Behaim, 1463-1476
- Johann III. Irlbeck, 1476-1481
- Raphael Neupöck, 1482–1483
- Christian Tesenbacher, 1483–1502; from Tegernsee Monastery : successfully strived for the spiritual renewal of monastic life in Oberaltaich, but also in the abbeys of Metten , Weltenburg , andprüfunging
- George I. Dunspir, 1502-1519
- George II. Perkhamer, 1519–1521
- Gregor Pauer, 1521-1527
- Bernhard Maier, 1527–1541
- Andreas Wild, 1541–1551
- Sebastian Hofmann, 1551–1564: increasing spiritual and economic decline of the monastery, which, however, had already started in the previous decades
- Wolfgang Pogner, 1564
- Johann Baptist Lochner, 1565–1593
- Christof Glöckler, 1593–1614: appointed by the Bavarian Duke Albrecht V to improve the economic and religious conditions in the monastery; But he was more interested in the rehabilitation of the monastery's financial situation than in the renewal of monastery life
- Vitus Höser , 1614–1634: fundamental reform of monastic life; New construction of the monastery and church in the Renaissance style (1622–1629; based on the design of the abbot Vitus)
- Hieronymus Gazin, 1634–1674: 1661 Resettlement of the Michelfeld Monastery in the Upper Palatinate, which was dissolved during the Reformation
- Dominic I Caesar, 1674–1681
- Roman Denis, 1681-1695; 1687 Connection of the monastery to the Bavarian Benedictine Congregation
- Benedict III Resch, 1695-1704
- Ignaz Scherlin, 1704-1721
- Dominikus II. Perger, 1721–1757: redesign of the church and magnificent secular celebration in 1731 to commemorate the legendary first foundation of the monastery in 731
- Johann Evangelist Schifferl , 1758–1771
- Joseph Maria Hiendl , 1772–1796
- Beda Aschenbrenner , 1796–1803
Monastery church
The monastery church, consecrated to St. Peter and Paul, was rebuilt from 1622 to 1630 according to plans by the abbot Vitus Höser. Today's rich interior was built from the late 17th to the end of the 18th century. Only the entrance hall still has the original stucco from the time the church was built. The baroque high altar dates from 1693. The side altars on the free pillars of the central nave (removed on the galleries after secularization) date from the same period. On the occasion of the millennium of the legendary first founding of the monastery in 731, the interior was completely redesigned. Instead of the original stucco work and frescoes, an extensive fresco cycle was created. Joseph Anton Merz painted the frescoes according to a detailed program by Abbot Dominikus Perger. They describe the alleged first founding and re-establishment of the Oberalteich Abbey, its achievements in the field of art and science as well as its merits in the re-Catholicization of Upper Palatinate in the 17th century. In addition, the side chapels received new altars.
The former monastery church became a parish church in 1803.
Important monks of the monastery
- Hermann Scholliner (1722–1795), historian and theologian, professor of dogmatics at the universities of Salzburg and Ingolstadt
- Bernhard Stöger (1757–1815), theology, philosopher and educator; Professor of Logic at the University of Salzburg
- Dominicus Gollowitz (1761–1809), theologian, professor of moral and pastoral theology at the University of Ingolstadt and professor of the same subjects and dogmatics at the Lyceum in Amberg
literature
- The art monuments of Lower Bavaria , Vol. XX: District Office Bogen , Munich 1929, p. 225.
- Josef Hemmerle : The Benedictine monasteries in Bavaria (Germania Benedictina 2). Augsburg 1970, pp. 201-206.
- Hans Neueder: The baroque frescoes of Oberalteich. Description and interpretation of unique images in the former Benedictine abbey church, Regensburg 2010.
- Hans Neueder: Oberaltaich: A Bavarian Benedictine monastery with a great history. Pustet Verlag, Regensburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-7917-2451-5 .
Web links
-
Oberalteich monastery , basic data and history:
Christine Riedl-Valder: Oberalteich, Benedictine monastery St. Peter and Paul - education and science at the highest level in the database of monasteries in Bavaria in the House of Bavarian History - Parish Oberalteich
Individual evidence
- ↑ Joseph Lipf: matrikel the bishopric of Regensburg. In: Google books. 1838, accessed September 21, 2014 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 55 ′ 0.1 ″ N , 12 ° 40 ′ 1.2 ″ E