Rulle Monastery

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Rulle Monastery
formerly: Marienbrunn Monastery
Church of the former Rulle monastery, expanded in 1927 in the style of homeland security
Church of the former Rulle monastery, expanded in 1927 in the style of homeland security
location Lower Saxony , Germany
Coordinates: 52 ° 20 '8.6 "  N , 8 ° 3' 13.2"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 20 '8.6 "  N , 8 ° 3' 13.2"  E
founding year 1246
Year of dissolution /
annulment 		1803

The Rulle Monastery (formerly also Marienbrunn Monastery ) is a former Cistercian abbey in Rulle , a district of the municipality of Wallenhorst in Lower Saxony . In Rulle the monastery existed from 1246/47 to 1803. In the former abbess house, which is under monument protection, there has been a youth education center of the Roman Catholic diocese of Osnabrück , the house "Maria Frieden" , since 1957 . The Sanctuary went to the secularization as a gift into the possession of the Catholic parish Rulle over.

history

The Cistercian monastery was founded on September 9, 1230 by Giselbert von Haste, a ministerial of Osnabrück Prince-Bishop Konrad von Velber , together with the knight Gerhard Saxo and the Osnabrück citizen Heinrich Svethering. At first it was located in Giselbert's Meierhof in Haste , a later district of Osnabrück . The monastery was moved to Rulle 16 years later, after the Haster monastery building was believed to have burned down.

The nuns found a new home on the former Meierhof in Rulle, just five kilometers away, which the Tecklenburger Ministeriale Konrad von Lingen had sold to the order in 1233. There was already an own church on the farm premises from around 1100, which was first mentioned in a document in 1233. It was dedicated to St. Ulrich . The paternity of the monastery was initially held by the abbot of the Hude monastery . He was followed by the abbots of Loccum Abbey and Marienfeld Abbey in the Münsterland.

The task of the nuns was to teach girls and young women from aristocratic families in the region, especially in reading and writing, in the Latin language, but also in etiquette and the production of precious embroidery. Around the year 1300 the nun Gisela von Kerssenbrock completed the Codex Gisle, a richly decorated manuscript, named after her. The monastery survived the Reformation , but the monastery only had eight to ten members at a time.

Abbess Anna Barbara von Scharbe had a single-storey baroque abbey building built in Rulle, based on the model of the abbey house of the Cistercian monastery in Marienfeld, which was started in 1699. The abbess died in 1704 after only four years in office. The plastered building made of Piesberg sandstone was completed in 1712 under her successor Hedwig Sydonie von Schwencke. The construction work was directed by Anna Magell von Clevorn, who, as the predecessor of Anna Barbara von Scharbe, had been the abbess. She resigned from office in 1700 but stayed in Rulle. Hedwig Sydonie von Schwencke headed the monastery until 1726. She was followed by Maria Anna Isabella von Hövell (1726 to 1763), Eleonora von Honstedt (1763 to 1776) and Anna Lucia von Reusch (1776 to 1786). Hedwig von Walthausen (1786 to 1802) was the 25th or 26th abbess since the monastery was founded. The last abbess was her sister Sophie Charlotte von Walthausen, who had come to Rulle from the monastery in Bersenbrück , which was continued as a monastery after 1787 . She headed the Rulle monastery until it was closed in 1803 and the monasteries in the areas that had fallen to France went to the state in accordance with the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss .

Rulle Monastery and its lands came into the possession of the Kingdom of Hanover and were administered by the Hanover Monastery Chamber. From 1803 to 1973, the Catholic clergy from Rulle lived and worked in the western wing of the abbess house. The other rooms were used as a forester's apartment. At the beginning of the 20th century, the community of Rulle bought the abbey house from the monastery chamber and used the rooms as a school. After a new school was built, the “Episcopal Youth House” moved into the west wing. In 1973 the building was rebuilt and a basement was added, the external shape remained unchanged. The red brick facings used in the interior are atypical for the region, which traditionally was built from sandstone or half-timbered.

Coat of arms of the monastery and the abbess of Hövell at the Marienbrunnen

The Marienbrunnen, which has been built over since 1923, belongs to the monastery complex and in 1661 gave the monastery the name Marienbrunn Monastery, which is no longer in use. Legend has it that a blind shepherd discovered the source when he stuck a stick into the ground and water gushed out. It is said that through the water he regained his eyesight. The abbess von Hövell's coat of arms and family coat of arms from 1742, which used to be above the entrance to the sister house, was affixed to the rear inside of the fountain house. Half-timbered houses in Rulle, which once belonged to the monastery as farm buildings, are now used in different ways.

The church of St. Johannes got its present form from 1927 to 1930 according to the plans of the Cologne architect and archdiocesan master builder Heinrich Renard (1868-1928). He brought together the old parish church of St. Ulrich in the north, first mentioned in 1233, which is based on two previous buildings, with the Chapel of Mercy under one roof and expanded it to include a three-aisled hall church in the east to a multi-towered and richly structured pilgrimage church in the homeland security style .

Blood miracle from Rulle

Monstrance with the host of the blood miracle of Rulle

The so-called blood miracle occurred on November 4, 1347. The Cistercian women had collected gold and silver jewelry for a monstrance and placed the jewelry together with a host on the altar of the monastery church. Jewelry and host boxes were stolen. The thief escaped unrecognized; He threw the box with five wafers into a bush. Two weeks later, on the Sunday before Martini , she was discovered by churchgoers and taken back to church. The wafers had turned red. This was interpreted as a divine sign of the change in character during the Lord's Supper . Rulle became a popular place of pilgrimage, especially in the 15th and 16th centuries. After the abolition of the monastery during the secularization, interest decreased. The number of pilgrimages increased again from 1917 after the Osnabrück Bishop Hermann Wilhelm Berning had preached about the Ruller blood miracle.

literature

Web links

Commons : Kloster Rulle  - Collection of images, videos and audio files