Piesberg
| Piesberg | ||
|---|---|---|
 View of the Piesberg |
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| height | 188 m above sea level NN | |
| location | Osnabrück , Lower Saxony , Germany | |
| Mountains | Osnabrück mountainous region | |
| Coordinates | 52 ° 19 '4 " N , 8 ° 1' 10" E | |
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| particularities | Part of the Ibbenbüren coal field | |
The Piesberg is a mountain in Lower Saxony , on the border of the city of Osnabrück in the south and the municipality of Wallenhorst in the north. The western part of the mountain is in the Pye district of Osnabrück , the southeastern part in the Haste district and the northeastern part in the Lechtingen district of Wallenhorst . The colliery is partly part of the port district of Osnabrück .
The mountain has a height of 188 meters above sea level . Its name can probably be traced back to the former farmers Pye lying at its feet . It is one of the three upper carbon outbursts in the Ibbenbürener hard coal mining area : Ibbenbürener Bergplatte , Piesberg and Hüggel .
Emergence
During the Carboniferous period around 300 million years ago, the area around Osnabrück was a coastal strip. As a result, a layer of coal emerged from the moors and swamps. In addition, fossils of plants from this time can be found in the slate of the Piesberg. They are characterized by the good preservation of the fine structures and partly also by their bright color. Sand and gravel banks solidified into sandstone and layers of claystone. The strata of the earth in the following geological ages overlaid the rocks of the Carboniferous until a subterranean volcano heralded the birth of the Piesberg around 70 million years ago by driving deeply submerged strata of rock to the surface of the earth. However, since this volcano did not erupt, but only formed an igneous bulge, the Bramscher Pluton , it is also known as a "stuck volcano" that drove the mountain in front of it. Hard coal , slate and sandstone can still be found on the Piesberg today.
Mining, quarry and landfill
Coal mining
Anthracite coal was mined on the Piesberg until 1898 . The mining was stopped due to strong water inflows.
Sandstone mining
Until the twentieth century, large quantities of Piesberg sandstone were mined in Piesberg , which shaped the construction of stone houses in the Osnabrück region . At times the Piesberg was the largest quarry in Central Europe. On October 20, 1957, the dam of a mud pond on Piesberg broke and devastated a settlement in Pye. This breach of the dam on the Piesberg claimed a human life and caused great damage. On a smaller scale, rock is still mined on the flanks of the Piesberg, mainly quartzitic sandstone .
landfill
The quarry on the southern Piesberg, created by the sandstone mining, has been filled with garbage since September 1, 1976. The last garbage truck was emptied on May 30, 2005. A total of 8.9 million cubic meters of garbage were deposited on Piesberg, which corresponds to an amount of 500,000 garbage trucks . The Piesberg central landfill operated by the city of Osnabrück was closed in 2005 as part of new waste disposal legislation. The landfill areas that are still open will be gradually covered and renatured. The last 4.6 hectare section of the landfill was provided with a surface sealing and greened from 2012 for three million euros. The collected landfill gas is used to generate energy. A residential area in Pye and the commercial area on the site of the former Winkelhausenkaserne barracks are supplied with heat via combined heat and power plants .
Culture and landscape park
Especially after the landfill was closed, the Piesberg began to develop into a coherent cultural and landscape park. Originally the 2015 Federal Horticultural Show was supposed to take place on Piesberg, but the city of Osnabrück later withdrew its application for the show. However, the application for the BuGa acted as an initial spark for the development of the area. A long-term development concept was decided in 2016. The aim is to bring the geology and geological history of the mountain, as well as the industrial culture as a legacy of mining and, last but not least, the natural landscape of the area closer to the visitors.
The Piesberg is part of the nature and geopark TERRA.vita . The landscape can be explored via hiking trails that also lead to the mountain's summit plateau , known as the rocky ridge . There and at other points in the area, viewing platforms offer views over the site and the Osnabrück region. With the Museum of Industrial Culture, the light railroad that opened in 2009 and the Osnabrück Steam Locomotive Friends, the cultural and landscape park has a large number of offers on the subject of industrial culture. In Piesberger Society House events and cultural projects offered.
FFH protected area
The mining gave rise to wintering quarters for bats. According to the city of Osnabrück, there are 15 or 16 different species on the Piesberg (as of May 2008). To protect the Bechstein bat , the pond bat and the great mouse-eared bat , two tunnels in the Piesberg have been placed under protection as an FFH area .
Arboretum
West of the road from Wallenhorst to Osnabrück is an arboretum . A park was laid out in the middle of the 19th century on the property of the former mine director on the Piesberg, Johann Rudolf Pagenstecher. The park was only designed as an arboretum by the merchant Wieding, who acquired the site from Pagenstecher around 1900 and also built a villa there. Some of the exotic conifers have grown into stately specimens over the decades. However, the area overgrown before it was restored in 2007. The giant sequoia ( Sequoiadendron giganteum ) with a height of 33.7 meters and a trunk circumference of 5.70 meters is a natural monument . Other tree species that are represented in the arboretum are primeval sequoia , ginkgo , Andean fir and tulip tree .
Natural and cultural monuments
Johannis stones
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To the north of the quarry on Piesberg are the rocks of the Johannissteine . The rocks made of carbon sandstone are registered as a natural monument of the city of Osnabrück .
Knee worship stone
To the east of the quarry, on the circular hiking trail, there is the rock slab of the knee worship stone . A prehistoric place of worship is associated with the knee worship stone.
Museum of industrial culture
The Museum of Industrial Culture, located in the Haseschacht building and other old colliery buildings, recalls the history of the former coal mine on the Piesberg. From the Haseschacht building, visitors have access to the Hasestollen of the former Piesberg colliery at a depth of 30 meters, which can be accessed over a length of 280 meters.
Field railway
The museum for lane industrial railways Osnabrück-Piesberg e. V. operates a field railway on the Piesberg with a gauge of 600 mm. The association was originally based in the Ostercappeln district of Hitzhausen and moved into its new domicile on Piesberg in 2009.
As early as around 1880, a horse-powered field railway network was built in the Piesberg colliery. The first locomotives were purchased in 1912. Around 20 locomotives and 2000 lorries were used on the track network with a total length of over 110 kilometers. In the 1960s, light rail operations on the Piesberg were discontinued in favor of truck transport.
In September 2009 the light railway on Piesberg was reopened for tourist purposes. The route, which is currently around one kilometer long, is located in the southern area of the mountain and leads from the industrial museum station near the Haseschacht building, initially through a forest to the east. A bridge over the access road to the quarry follows the Schlammteich stop . The route then runs through an artificial cut in the terrain and ends shortly afterwards in Südstieg station at the foot of the hiking trail to the rocky ridge. In addition to the main line, some stabling and side tracks are part of the rail network.
An extension of the route network by around 2.5 kilometers is planned. The new section is to connect to the western end of the network and bypass the quarry in an arc to the west. A breakpoint is to be built at the ruins of the Stüveschacht in the north of the Piesberg. The end point will be the Grubenweg in the Wallenhorst district of Lechtingen . There are also plans to build an exhibition hall for rolling stock.
Industrial museum station
Feldbahntrasse and footpath
Footpath and light rail bridge
Ground cut
Südstieg station
Osnabrück steam locomotive enthusiasts
The Osnabrück Steam Locomotive Friends e. V. advocate the preservation and operation of historic railway vehicles. The association has existed since 1987 and has been based in the Piesberger Zechenbahnhof since 1989. The colliery station itself has been owned by Stadtwerke Osnabrück since 1990 and is part of the city's port railway network. The steam locomotive enthusiasts carry out museum trips to events on the Piesberg or other places in north-west Germany. To do this, they use their own locomotives and railcars, e.g. B. one of the last two remaining diesel locomotives of the DB class V 65 , the V 65 001 .
The association is currently also restoring the steam locomotive 41 052 from the DR class 41 . The locomotive was used in Osnabrück after the Second World War and after its retirement it stood for years as an industrial monument on Buerschen Strasse in the Osnabrück district of Schinkel . It is therefore also known as the Schinkel locomotive.
The fleet of the steam locomotive enthusiasts is in the open air on sidings in the colliery. In the future, the association is planning to use the building of the old quarrying facility of the Piesberg colliery north of the train station to park the vehicles, for which the building must first be renovated. In the colliery station, too, the steam locomotive enthusiasts became active through the reconstruction of an old mechanical signal box that originally stood in the Georgsmarienhütte works station .
Viewing platforms
Rock ridge
At the end of 2011, a lookout tower was added to the rock ridge. This consists of a viewing platform that was attached to the tower stump by one of the wind turbines dismantled in the course of repowering (see section on wind farm ). Since it is located at the highest point of the mountain, a panoramic view of Osnabrück and the surrounding area is possible from here. The various landmarks that are within sight are described all around the parapet .
Quarry
The "Quarry Viewing Platform" was opened in 1997 and is located on the east side of the mountain. From here there is an insight into the quarry area.
North view
In 2006 a viewing platform was installed between the northern edge of the quarry and the Stüveschacht, from which one can look north into the Osnabrück region. With good visibility, the Emsland nuclear power plant, 55 kilometers away, can be seen from here.
art
The “Piesberg Art Project ” was created in connection with the Expo 2000 project “Fascination Soil”. Regional artists created various works of art, which could be admired at Piesberg between July 2nd and October 29th, 2000.
Four works have been preserved from the various installations :
- Stefan Pietryga : giving the mountain back its peak
- Richard Wake: untitled
- Michael Flatau: Point of view
- Nicole Brose: stone labyrinth
Events
The mountain festival on the Piesberg or the event Osnabrück under steam take place annually, alternating in late summer . While the Bergfest, which was popular in the 19th century and was re-launched in 1996, focuses on the Piesberg itself, at Osnabrück, steam , which is also known as the Osnabrück Steam Locomotive Festival, is primarily about historical vehicles.
Piesberg Ultra Marathon
Since 2013, the Piesberg Ultra Marathon has taken place on the Piesberg every April. On the circular route around the Piesberg, around 60 km are run and an altitude difference of 2100 meters is overcome.
Wind farm
The Piesberg is one of the oldest wind power locations in inland Germany. The first wind power plant was built on the west side of the mountain ( 180 m above sea level ) as early as 1990 and was put into operation on September 20 of the same year by the then mayor Ursula Flick . The type of turbine installed was the ENERCON E-32 model from the Aurich wind turbine manufacturer Enercon . It had a total height of 48 m, with a tower height of 32 m and a rotor diameter of 32 m. With an output of 280 kW, it was able to supply around 200 households with electricity and in 1990 was one of the most powerful inland wind turbines - until now, systems of this size have only been installed at locations close to the coast. This wind power plant, also the first in the urban area of Osnabrück, also served as a reference for the use of wind power in larger dimensions inland. The primary wish of the municipal utilities was not the profitability of the use of wind power, but environmental protection and resource conservation.
Due to the positive experience with the operation of this plant (it generated around 600,000 kWh of electricity per year and thus significantly exceeded the expectations of 400,000 kWh), three more wind turbines were built on the rock ridge in 1994. These were the ENERCON E-40 model from the same manufacturer with a nominal output of 500 kW, a hub height of 42 m and a rotor diameter of 40 m. Unlike its predecessor, this type of system no longer has a gearbox. In 2002 the ENERCON E-32 was dismantled and replaced by a fourth E-40. Together, the four systems of the wind farm feed around 3.6 million kWh of electricity per year into the municipal utility network, around 0.5% of the total electricity consumption of the city of Osnabrück.
The replacement of the turbines with larger, more powerful and technically more advanced models (so-called repowering ) had been planned since 2007, and the first preparatory work began in November 2009. The three ENERCON E-82 turbines went into operation in summer 2010 Operation and replacement of the three ENERCON E-40s from 1994, which in turn were dismantled and scrapped in autumn 2009. With a nominal output of 2000 kW, each of the three new systems has four times the nominal output of its predecessor. Two of the systems have a hub height of 109 m, the third is 98 m high up to the gondola. All three have a rotor diameter of 82 m.
When the Piesberg summit was redesigned as part of the Piesberg Culture and Landscape Park , which was carried out together with the repowering, the wind turbines were included in the overall concept. In the course of repowering, it was also decided to continue operating the fourth ENERCON E-40 from 2002 beyond the construction of the new wind turbines until its location had to give way to the CEMEX company for further rock mining. In July 2017 it was finally dismantled, which means that there are only three systems left on the Piesberg today. Since the old system will not be scrapped, it would be possible to continue operation at a different location
Ice warning system
Western wind turbine with height comparison
Middle and east wind turbine
Web links
- Topic page of the city of Osnabrück about the Piesberg
- Interactive map of the Piesberg Culture and Landscape Park
- Website of the museum for lane industrial railways Osnabrück-Piesberg e. V.
- Website of the Osnabrück Steam Engine Friends
Individual evidence
- ^ Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz (ed.), Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments - Das Osnabrücker Land I , vol. 42, 1979, p. 12ff
- ↑ In Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung of May 30, 2005: "The future belongs to the sheep" ; accessed on May 17, 2019
- ↑ In Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung of August 11, 2012: "Everything is tight on the Osnabrücker Piesberg" ; accessed on May 17, 2019
- ↑ Heat transition - is that energy or can it go away? , stadtwerke-osnabrueck.de, accessed on August 7, 2019.
- ↑ Information flyer "Piesberg Culture and Landscape Park", City of Osnabrück 2014, p. 11
- ↑ A mountain opens up to the future , osnabrueck.de, accessed on August 22, 2019.
- ^ Website of the Piesberger Gesellschaftshaus
- ↑ a b bats. City of Osnabrück, accessed on November 3, 2019 .
- ↑ List of species of bats. (PDF; 23 kB) City of Osnabrück, May 2008, accessed on September 20, 2013 .
- ↑ NATURA 2000 - STANDARD DATA FORM. DE3614333 / Piesbergstollen. In: Natura 2000 Public Viewer. European Environment Agency, 2011, accessed September 20, 2013 .
- ↑ Piesbergstollen. City of Osnabrück, accessed on September 20, 2013 .
- ^ City of Osnabrück: Discovery of a tree park
- ↑ Small Park for the Big Tree , noz.de, November 11, 2007, accessed on May 19, 2020.
- ↑ Arboretum am Piesberg (PDF, 600 kB) , wfo.de, accessed on May 19, 2020.
- ↑ Pictures from the Museum for Industrial Railways in Ostercappeln-Hitzhausen , twhk.de, accessed on June 9, 2018.
- ↑ The history of the field railway at Piesberg , feldspur.de, accessed on June 9, 2018.
- ↑ Piesberger Feldbahn: Zukunftsperspektiven , feldspur.de, accessed on June 9, 2018.
- ↑ Presentation of the Osnabrücker Dampflokfreunde eV association , osnabruecker-dampflokfreunde.de, accessed on June 9, 2018.
- ↑ Locomotive 41 052 , osnabruecker-dampflokfreunde.de, accessed on June 9, 2018.
- ↑ Zechenbahnhof Osnabrück Piesberg , osnabruecker-dampflokfreunde.de, accessed on June 9, 2018.
- ↑ Steinbruch viewing platform , osnabrueck.de, accessed on May 19, 2020.
- ↑ "Nordblick" viewing platform. Retrieved February 5, 2020 .
- ↑ pd: The top is put on the Piesberg . In: Ibbenbürener Volkszeitung . July 6, 2000.
- ↑ Bergfest am Osnabrücker Piesberg , osnabrueck.de, accessed on June 9, 2018.
- ^ In Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung from April 11, 2019: "Piesberg-Ultra-Marathon: already cult in the seventh edition" ; accessed on May 17, 2019
- ↑ a b c d Repowering on the Piesberg, page 5. bauforum24.biz, February 6, 2010, accessed on April 2, 2018 .
- ↑ A "new landmark" on the Piesberg. Meppener Tagesport, June 19, 2017, accessed April 2, 2018 .
- ↑ Special wind anniversary on the Piesberg Osnabrück. Stadtwerke Osnabrück AG, accessed on October 13, 2017 .
- ^ Repowering Piesberg in 2009/2010. Retrieved April 2, 2018 .
- ^ Repowering on the Piesberg. bauforum24.biz, February 6, 2010, accessed on April 2, 2018 .
- ↑ Piesberg as Osnabrück's regenerative energy center. City of Osnabrück, accessed on September 19, 2013 .
- ↑ Piesberg wind farm in Osnabrück renewed. (PDF; 930 kB) 3 x E-82s on a 108 meter tower. In: Windblatt 03/2010. Enercon GmbH, 2010, p. 10 f. , accessed September 19, 2013 .
- ↑ Am Piesberg: Green electricity for Osnabrück. (No longer available online.) Stadtwerke Osnabrück AG, archived from the original on September 21, 2013 ; Retrieved September 19, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Dismantling of the wind turbine on the Piesberg. Stadtwerke Osnabrück AG, accessed on October 13, 2017 .
