Smilheim Monastery
| Cistercian Abbey Smilheim / Vizovice | |
|---|---|
 View of Vizovice |
|
| location |
 Czech Republic Moravia
|
| Coordinates: | 49 ° 13 '11 " N , 17 ° 51' 2" E |
| Serial number according to Janauschek |
666 |
| founding year | 1261 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1485 |
| Mother monastery | Velehrad Monastery |
| Primary Abbey | Morimond Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The former Cistercian monastery Smilheim (also: Vizovice monastery; German also Wisowitz monastery ; Latin Rosa Mariae ) was near Vizovice in Moravia (today Okres Zlín in the Czech Republic ). It was consecrated in honor of "Rosa Mariae" ( Růže Mariina ) and existed from 1261 to 1484/85.
history
Smilheim Monastery was founded in 1261 by Smil von Zbraslav and Střílky , the Burgrave of Brumov . He furnished it with lands and named it "Kloster Smilheim". The donation was confirmed by Pope Alexander IV . In 1262 it was settled with a convent from the Velehrad monastery and thus belonged to the filiation of Morimond monastery . Since Smil and his wife Bohuvlasta had no descendants, they assigned further lands to the monastery in 1267 with the permission of King Ottokar II. Přemysl . After Smils death in 1273 took over the patronage of the monastery Gerhard von Zbraslav and Obřany († 1291), who was a son of Smils brother Boček from Jaroslavice and Zbraslav . After the extinction of Boček's lineage with Smil von Obřany in 1312, the patronage passed to the lords of Leipa .
The location near the Hungarian border on the Wlarapass was not favorable for the monastery. After it was destroyed by the Trenčín lord of the castle, Matthäus (III.) Csák , Jindřich / Heinrich von Leipa asked the Cistercian General Chapter to move the monastery to a safer place. In 1325 the General Chapter therefore commissioned the Ebrach abbot to conduct an investigation and propose a solution. Probably for financial reasons, there was no transfer. There was further damage in 1361-1368, when aristocrats in the area appropriated individual monastery properties. During the Hussite Wars , the monastery was destroyed in 1424. The monastery suffered further destruction during the Hungarian-Bohemian War by Matthias Corvinus . In 1468 he transferred the monastery property to secular nobles. In 1484 it was owned by the von Víckov brothers , who in 1484 expelled the monks. The last abbot of Smilheim was Beneš. Under the pretext of wanting to renew the monastery, the gentlemen of the Kunstadt acquired the monastery property as descendants of the founder, Smil. Boček Kuna, who died in 1495 and belonged to the Boleradice branch of the von Kunstadt family, signed over the monastery property to his widow Elisabeth / Eliška von Kammená Hora. There was no renewal of the monastery. Parts of the ruinous monastery buildings served as farm buildings for a while.
Parts of the building or ruins of the monastery complex have not been preserved. The Vizovice chateau was built in its place from 1749 to 1770 .
literature
- Jiří Kuthan: The medieval architecture of the Cistercians in Bohemia and Moravia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich et al. 1982, ISBN 3-422-00738-5 , p. 292.
- Bernard Peugniez : Le Guide Routier de l'Europe Cistercienne. Esprit des lieux, patrimoine, hotel business. Editions du Signe, Strasbourg 2012, ISBN 978-2-7468-2624-3 , p. 1088.
- Miroslav Plaček, Peter Futák: Páni z Kunštátu. Rod erbu vrchních pruhů na cestě k trůnu (= Edice Šlechtické rody Čech, Moravy a Slezska. 5). Nakladatelství Lidové Noviny, Prague 2006, ISBN 80-7106-683-4 , pp. 94, 95, 186 and 468.
- Ambrosius Schneider : Lexical overview of the male monasteries of the Cistercians in the German language and cultural area. In: Ambrosius Schneider, Adam Wienand, Wolfgang Bickel, Ernst Coester (eds.): The Cistercienser. History, spirit, art. 3rd, expanded edition. Wienand, Cologne 1986, ISBN 3-87909-132-3 , pp. 639-702, here p. 698.