Košická detská historická železnica
| Čermeľ - Alpinka | |||||||||||||
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 Krutwig steam locomotive
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.png) Route
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| Course book series (ZSSK) : | 930 | ||||||||||||
| Route length: | 4.2 km | ||||||||||||
| Gauge : | 1000 mm ( meter gauge ) | ||||||||||||
| Maximum slope : | 24 ‰ | ||||||||||||
| Top speed: | 20 km / h | ||||||||||||
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The Košická detská historická železnica (KDHŽ, Historical Children's Railway Košice) is a 4.2 km long, single-track, narrow - gauge museum railway with a gauge of 1,000 mm. The railway was opened on September 20, 1955 as a pioneer railway near Košice in Slovakia and is still in operation today.
history
The KDHŽ was the first pioneer railway in the area of the former Czechoslovakia and is the only one that still exists after the division. P. 10
Construction took place between 1955 and 1956. Since then, four reconstructions have been carried out in 1973–1974, 1986–1987, 1990–1991 and 2006. The route is operated by the Košice Children's Railway Association in close cooperation with the City of Košice and private partners. The route has three stations: Čermeľ (Čermeľ-Baránok), Vpred (Čermeľ-Vodáreň) and Alpinka (formerly Pioneer). The train ride takes about 20 minutes. The children's railway season traditionally begins on May 1st and usually lasts in late autumn. It is interesting that with the exception of the train driver, the ticket sales manager and the station master, the railway is operated by children under the supervision of adults, with an interruption from 1990 to 2011, when adults took over. P. 12
Planning and construction
The idea of building a railway for pioneers of primary school age came after Košice Railway Manager Vojtěch Janík visited a similar railway in the Soviet Union. Construction of the railroad began on April 17, 1955 and was completed on May 1, 1956. Construction was in two stages and was built manually with minimal use of construction mechanisms. Some rails, switches and crossings of the former narrow-gauge railway of Hronská Dúbrava to Banská Štiavnica , which in the years 1948-1949 to standard gauge umgespurt was able to be reused. P. 11
After the completion of the first section Čermeľ – Vpred and test drives with the steam locomotive U 35.104 Anicka , it was inaugurated on September 20, 1955. Less than a year later, on May 1, 1956, the Vpred – Pionier (now Alpinka) section was put into operation. P. 11
Steam traction
The U 36.004 rail bus initially ran on the route until it returned to its original route on October 16, 1956, where it remained until it was abolished in 1965. But shortly before that, on September 10th of the same year, the steam locomotive U 35.103, called Katka , p. 28, and the steam locomotive U 35.104, called Štiavnická Anča , were procured . Both were used until 1961. The locomotive 35.103 was handed over to the Technical Museum in Košice, from which it was scrapped despite its historical value.
Diesel operation
Since 1962, two motorized locomotives TU 29.2002 ( Janka ) and TU 29.2003 ( Danka ) have operated on the Čermeľská railway . They were built around 1960 in ČKD Praha with the designations T 211.0057 (TU 29.2002) and T 211.0071 (TU 29.2003) as standard gauge locomotives. The beginning of 1962 they were 1000 mm gauge umgespurt and used in Nymburk. Originally they were called Katka and Anicka , and the busy T 211.0071 was temporarily called Vlasta .
At the beginning of 1983 the original Tatra 111 A engines were replaced by the newer Tatra 930 engines, whereupon their names changed to TU 29.2002 and TU 29.2003 and renamed to the new names Janka and Danka, by the twins from Maria Ďuríčková's book. Due to the change in the numbering of rail vehicles in 1988, they were referred to as 701.952-4 (Janka) and 701.953-2 (Danka). P. 30–31 In 2010 they were given the historic TU 29.002 (Janka) and TU 29.003 (Danka) stamps, which are no longer used, but the number that has been valid since 1983.
Difficult times from 1970
In 1973 the Čermelska Railway was temporarily suspended due to the poor condition of the line, but eventually the railway was rebuilt due to the great public interest. Some of the sleepers, rails and gravel beds were replaced. Operations on the reconstructed line were resumed two years later. Pp. 18, 27
Another reconstruction of the line took place between 1986 and 1987, when a large part of the tracks between the stations was exchanged. A rail vehicle borrowed from the Tatra Electric Railway was also used for this reconstruction. Pp. 18, 27
In addition to maintaining the tracks, the railroad also required regular maintenance of the two locomotives to maintain seasonal operations. It happened that because of the serious malfunctions in both vehicles, the season had to be interrupted or even ended prematurely. After the end of the season, they were always transported to the depot in Košice, where they were regularly serviced. Pp. 30-31
Changes and stagnation from 1990, return to steam operation
Due to the political changes after the division of Czechoslovakia at the end of 1989, the name Pioneer Railway was first changed to Youth Railway and later to Children's Railway. Pionier was renamed Alpinka for the same reason. This name has been used for the region in the past. Pp. 18, 25 Due to the disappearance of the pioneer organization and stricter railway regulations, ČSD employees took over the operation from ŽSR.
Between 1990 and 1991 the track system in Alpinka was rebuilt. During this reconstruction, the points that were no longer needed were dismantled. At about the same time, the original station buildings at all three stations were dismantled and torn down due to dilapidation, whereupon new buildings were erected in the Vpred and Alpinka stations. Pp. 18, 27
In 1991 the steam locomotive U 36.003 Katka was put back into operation after a general overhaul. P. 32–33 In the same year the diesel locomotive 29.2002 Janka was stored in the depot of the ŽSR in Košice. The TU 29.2003 Danka locomotive served as operational support in the event of a malfunction of the Katka steam locomotive . Pp. 30-31
Since then, the volume of traffic on the children's railway has stagnated, and many times it was threatened with closure. In 2001 there was a change in the operation of the children's railway in connection with the division of the ŽSR into three separate operations. Since then, the route has been under the administration of the ŽSR, the operation has been taken over by the Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko , and the regular maintenance of the railway was carried out by the Dopravný podnik mesta Košice (Košice Transit Company). P. 59
In 2006, parts of the track had to be rebuilt due to extensive flood damage. The TEZ tamping machine was used again for this repair. The work could be completed before the start of the season, and so the children's railway celebrated its 50th anniversary.
Current operation
In 2012, the operation of the railway was taken over by the Košice Children's Railway Association, which wanted to revitalize the line and at the same time set a new cultural point as part of the Košice - European Capital of Culture 2013 project . As a result, the official name changed again to Košická detská historická železnica (Košice Historical Children's Railway).
The association was able to resume childcare services, extend seasonal operations until late autumn and organize a number of cultural events that took place for the first time in 2012, for example the theater Saturdays in July, summer cinema or events in autumn. The TU 29.002 Janka diesel locomotive was brought back onto the line for the 2012 St. Nicholas Trips, which took place for the first time in the history of the railway .
Railways currently run from the last weekend in April to early November, but traffic is expected to be extended to cover the whole year. The season is usually opened on May 1st by the mayor.
Rail vehicles
In 1994 the steam locomotive U 36.003 Katka and all wagons (with the exception of the gravel hopper wagon) were registered in the Central List of Cultural Monuments of the Slovak Republic. This happened after an unknown perpetrator burned down the ABC / u 600 car on January 17, 1993, which, despite severe damage, could be reconstructed and has been used again in the children's railway since 1996. This car is special because it has three compartments with different classes. Pp. 48-49
Locomotives
There are currently the steam locomotives U 36.003 Katka and U 29.101 Krutwig as well as the diesel locomotives TU 29.2002 Janka and TU 29.2003 Danka .
The steam locomotive 36.003 Katka has been in operation on the children's railway since 1991. It is the oldest working steam locomotive in the territory of the former Czechoslovakia. It was built in 1884 for the narrow-gauge line from Gelnica via Mníšek nad Hnilcom to Smolník , where it operated until it was discontinued in 1965, with the exception of the period from 1938 to 1949 when it operated on the Hronská Breznica - Banská Štiavnica line . Since 1974 it has been exhibited in the memorial in Spišská Nová Ves . In 1990 it was transported to České Velenice , where it was reconstructed so that it could work on the children's railway from the next year. Pp. 32–33 The 1990s, however, were accompanied by disturbances and frequent malfunctions. For example, in 1997 the boiler had to be transported to České Velenice again due to its poor technical condition. On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the children's railway, it was exhibited at the Banská Štiavnica station in 1999. A similar locomotive U 36.0 (U 36.004) was used on the railway from 1955–1956b.
The conversion of another steam locomotive for the children's railway is currently being prepared. It is an industrial locomotive type ČKD 900 BS 200 ("Krutwig"), which was mainly used in open-cast brown coal mining and is currently in the Museum of Old Machines in Žamberk.
dare
There are 3 open cars, 2 covered cars and 3 freight cars. The open summer carriages were created in Žilina in 1955 by converting older cars from the early 20th century. Two passenger cars and an open freight car were rebuilt. During the renovation, new frames were attached to the original frames, which also came from Žilina. Pp. 46-47
The D / u 841 car is the oldest car in Slovakia that still serves its original purpose. It was built in 1886 and came to the then pioneer railway in 1955. The second company car D / u 840, which arrived at the pioneer railway a few years later, is currently on display on a pedestal at Čerme Č station. The Ca / u 620 wagon, which came to the Čermelska Railway in 2013, is partially adapted for the transport of bicycles. Its re-inauguration took place on June 26, 2013.
Since May 25, 2013, passenger cars have been named next to locomotives. Wagon names were introduced during a special event Wagon Menus with a theater performance for children specially prepared for the occasion. The names are as follows:
| dare | Surname | Construction year | annotation |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABC / u 600 | Hugo | 1913 | |
| D / u 840 | Janko | 1913 | Not currently in use, it says on a pedestal at Čermeľ station. |
| D / u 841 | Peťko | 1886 | |
| Ca / u 621 | Samko | 1910 | Summer car. |
| Ca / u 620 | Kubko | 1913 | Summer wagon, named after a gelding from the Pásli ovce valasi evening series . |
| Ba / u 610 | Maťko | 1904 | Summer wagon, named after a gelding from the Pásli ovce valasi evening series . |
| Ca / u 611 | Hubert | 1913 | Commissioned again on October 26, 2013. |
Web links
- www.detskazeleznica.sk (official website)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Ladislav Olexa and Igor Reiprich: Detská železnica Košice , Mesto Košice, 2006, ISBN 80-969548-6-5 .
- ↑ Streka.net - Na Detskú železničku sa po štvrťstoročí vracajú deti v úlohách železničiarov.
- ↑ P. Céka: Košická pionýrská dráha padesátiletá. Dráha, roč. 2006, čís. 4, p. 8.
- ↑ Slavomír contour: Na výhybke nádejí. In: R-Žurnal , roč. 1, čís. 1, p. 1.
- ↑ Igor Molnar: Košická detská historická železnica. On: Článok Vlaky.net .
- ↑ Slavomír contour: S Novym dopravcom prišli prvé nevšedné zážitky. In: R-Žurnal, roč. 1, čís. 2, p. 7. Prejsť nahor
- ↑ Kronika detskej železnice. R-Žurnal, roč. 1, čís. 3 - 4, s. 7 (čís. 3), 4 - 5 (čís. 4).
- ↑ Dvojičky opäť spolu! Lokomotívy Danka a Janka, vyrobené špeciálne pre bývalú Pioniersku železničku v Košiciach, sa stretli po 20 rokoch.
- ↑ Peter Kalman: Prečo navštíviť trať č. 154, alebo čo všetko skrýva Banská Štiavnica a jej okolie. Vlaky.net
- ↑ Ľubomír Lehotsky: Ďalšia para v Košiciach? . R-Žurnal, roč. 2, čís. 2, pp. 1-2.
Coordinates: 48 ° 44 '59.93 " N , 21 ° 13' 39.9" E