Mníšek nad Hnilcom
| Mníšek nad Hnilcom | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| coat of arms | map | ||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Slovakia | ||
| Kraj : | Košický kraj | ||
| Okres : | Gelnica | ||
| Region : | Spiš | ||
| Area : | 39.437 km² | ||
| Residents : | 1,801 (Dec. 31, 2019) | ||
| Population density : | 46 inhabitants per km² | ||
| Height : | 419 m nm | ||
| Postal code : | 055 64 | ||
| Telephone code : | 0 53 | ||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 48 ' N , 20 ° 48' E | ||
| License plate : | GL | ||
| Kód obce : | 543365 | ||
| structure | |||
| Community type : | local community | ||
| Administration (as of November 2018) | |||
| Mayor : | Ľudovít Kujnian | ||
| Address: | Obecný úrad Mníšek nad Hnilcom č. 292 055 64 Mníšek nad Hnilcom |
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| Website: | www.mnisek.sk | ||
| Statistics information on statistics.sk | |||
Mníšek nad Hnilcom (until 1927 Slovak "Mníšek"; German Einsiedel on the Göllnitz - older only Einsiedel , Hungarian Szepesremete - until 1873 Remete ) is a municipality in the east of Slovakia , with a population of 1,801 (December 31, 2019). It belongs to the Okres Gelnica and the higher district Košický kraj .
geography
The municipality is located in the valley of the river Hnilec (German Göllnitz ) at the confluence with the Smolník brook . It lies within the Volovské vrchy Mountains - part of the Slovak Ore Mountains - between its parts Kojšovská hoľa and Hnilecké vrchy. Mníšek nad Hnilcom is 16 kilometers from Gelnica and 38 kilometers from Spišská Nová Ves .
history
The earliest evidence of settlement dates back to the Bronze Age. The place was mentioned in writing in 1255 as a heremitory . The name goes back to monks who stayed there in the early Middle Ages and led a secluded lifestyle (see hermit ). The German name Einsiedel should be derived from it, but there are also different opinions, e.g. B. that the name comes from the verb "Einsiedeln", due to the fact that the place was settled by German colonists in the 13th century. These colonists, who came from the Rhineland and Flanders and later from the Austro-Bavarian-speaking area, were mainly employed in mining (ore and gold mining).
In 1322 the place is mentioned as Heremitam , in 1375 finally as Villa Heremitas . Until the 18th century the place belonged to the town of Göllnitz, then to the estate of the Spiš Castle (Zápolya, Thurzo) and finally to the Csáky family. During the anti-Habsburg uprisings in the 17th and early 18th centuries, Einsiedel was burned down several times, and many people were killed in recurring plague epidemics. In 1751 the place received the market right to be able to organize four markets per year, which lasted until the Second World War.
In 1828 there were 295 houses and 2,143 inhabitants in the village. Due to the decline of mining, the town lost part of its population: from its peak in 1865 with 2504 inhabitants, there were only 2122 in 1869 and 1739 in 1919. At the end of 1884 the meter-gauge Göllnitztalbahn from Göllnitz to Schmöllnitzhütte was opened. In 1936 the section to Gelnica became part of the standard-gauge railway line Margecany - Červená Skala before the remnant to Smolnícka Huta was discontinued in 1965.
Until 1918 the place in Zips County belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary and then came to Czechoslovakia, or today Slovakia. At the end of the Second World War, after the partial evacuation of German residents, the remainder were expelled or Slovakized. As a result, the place lost its German majority.
population
| Ethnic structure | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | Residents | Slovaks | German | Hungary | Others | |||
| 1880 | 1,981 | 63 | 1,746 | 32 | 140 | |||
| 1910 | 1,795 | 39 | 1,625 | 56 | 75 | |||
| 2001 | 1,691 | 1,399 | 130 | 0 | 162 | |||
According to the 2001 census in Mníšek nad Hnilcom of 1691 inhabitants, 82.73% were Slovaks, 8.75% were Gypsies and 7.69% were Germans. According to denomination, the Roman Catholic Church was in first place with 68.18%, followed by the Protestant Church with 18.69% and atheists with 7.75%.
