Ain al-Arab
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عين العرب / ʿAyn al-ʿArab کۆبانێ Kobanê ʿAyn al-ʿArab |
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| Coordinates | 36 ° 53 ' N , 38 ° 21' E | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Syria | ||
| Aleppo | |||
| ISO 3166-2 | SY-HL | ||
| height | 520 m | ||
| Residents | 54,681 (2007) | ||
 The city on October 20, 2014
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Ain al-Arab ( Arabic عين العرب, DMG ʿAyn al-ʿArab ) or Kobanê ( Kurdish کۆبانێ Kobanê orکۆبانی Kobanî ) is the capital of the Ain al-Arab district in the Aleppo governorate in Syria . With 54,681 people (estimated as of 2007), the city is predominantly inhabited by Kurds . In the course of the civil war in Syria and massive internal displacement, the population temporarily rose to over 100,000 by mid-2014. The city gained international fame through the battle for Kobanê , in which Syrian-Kurdish people's defense units defended the city against the Islamic State . Under the name Kobanê , the city is the capital and namesake of one of the three cantons of the de facto autonomous federation of Northern Syria - Rojava .
Origin of the names
The oldest form of the name is Kānī ( Kurd. Source ). When the Eşiret (tribe) of the Millî gained influence in the course of history , the name Kobanî became established. As part of the Turkishization of geographical names , the Ottomans later tried to introduce the name Mürşit Pinar (مرشد بنار). During the construction of the Baghdad Railway , the place was called Kombanî (from English "Company"). The meaning of the name Ain al-Arab is source of the Arabs .
geography
The city of Kobanê is located on the Syrian-Turkish border across from the Turkish city of Suruç in the province of Şanlıurfa . Ain al-Arab is located 160 km northeast of Aleppo and 30 km east of the Euphrates River .
population
The inhabitants of Kobanês are Kurds . There were still Armenian families here until the 1970s , but they have meanwhile migrated to larger cities such as Aleppo or Armenia .
Large Kurdish Eşirets are the Berazan and Kêtikan here. Leading members of these tribes were z. B. Bozan Beg, who was a member of the Turkish parliament for Urfa in his time , and his nephew Şahin Şahin, who was a member of the Syrian parliament in Damascus in the 1950s .
politics
Delegations with parliamentarians from Germany and Great Britain visited Kobane.
history
According to a study by Husain Amin Husain, the town's history begins in 1892. At that time there were three houses and two mills. Previously, Armenians are said to have lived there.
Since the uprising against the Assad government and the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011, fighting has also taken place in Ain al-Arab. The city is strategically important because of its border location and abundant drinking water. Ain al-Arab has been the center of one of the three self-governing cantons of Rojava since the beginning of 2014 . These cantons are under the control of the Kurdish Democratic Union Party (PYD) and its allies.
The terrorist organization Islamic State (IS) tried since the end of 2013 to take the city because of its strategic importance, but failed because of the defense by the Kurdish People's Defense Units and Peshmerga as well as the air strikes by the Allies. In mid-September 2014, the Islamist militias launched a major offensive, and the attack on the urban area began on September 28, 2014. Many female fighters took part in the battle on the Kurdish side. In January 2015, the IS units were expelled. The city was badly destroyed.
Since then, many of the residents have returned and the city is in the process of reconstruction, which is made more difficult by a blockade and military attacks by Turkey against the reconstruction work.
After Kobane and other places in northern Syria had been bombed in October 2018 Turkey, the Turkish government began on October 9, 2019 a large-scale invasion to the Democratic Forces of Syria to expel (SDF) from the Syrian-Turkish border.
people
Town twinning
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Interview with Husain Amin Husain
- ^ German delegation visits Kobanê . In: ANF News . ( anfenglishmobile.com [accessed August 17, 2018]).
- ^ British delegation meets DAA, TEV-DEM members in Kobani - ANHA | Ajansa Nûçeyan a Hawar . In: www.hawarnews.com . ( hawarnews.com [accessed August 17, 2018]).
- ↑ IS attack on Ain al-Arab: In the Eye of the Storm, Spiegel article from September 27, 2014
- ↑ cdn1.spiegel.de
- ^ Reconstruction in Syria: The good Germans from Kobane. DER SPIEGEL, June 30, 2015, accessed on May 13, 2016 .
- ^ Syria civil war: New beginnings in Kobane. Al Jazeera, May 13, 2016, accessed May 13, 2016 .
- ↑ Turkey blocks the reconstruction of Kobane. Tagesschau, January 13, 2016, accessed on May 13, 2016 .
- ↑ Turkey flies air strikes against Kurds near Kobani. Welt / N24, July 27, 2015, accessed October 13, 2016 .
- ↑ Turkish army bombs US-backed Kurdish militia. Zeit Online, October 28, 2018, accessed October 31, 2018 .
- ↑ Turkey begins offensive against Kurds. Zeit Online, October 9, 2019, accessed October 12, 2019 .
- ↑ - ( Memento of the original from December 16, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
