San Firenze complex
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| Basic data | |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| place | Florence , Italy |
| diocese | Archdiocese of Florence |
| Building history | |
| Client | Oratorians |
| architect | Pietro da Cortona , Pier Francesco Silvani, Ferdinando Ruggieri , Zanobi Del Rosso, Giovanni Filippo Ciocchi |
| start of building | 1667 |
| Building description | |
| Architectural style | Baroque |
| 43 ° 46 '10.5 " N , 11 ° 15' 29.3" E | |
The complex of San Firenze ( Complesso di San Firenze in Italian ), located in Piazza San Firenze, is one of the rare examples of the late Baroque in the center of Florence . With the exception of the Church of San Filippo Neri, the buildings were occupied for a long time by the judicial and judicial authorities. After the move to the Palace of Justice in Novoli , the complex is again available to the municipality as owner and some rooms were used for occasional events. Since July 2017 it has housed the Centro internazionale per le arti dello spettacolo Franco Zeffirelli, which collects the entire artistic and cultural legacy of the master.
history
In 1640 , as a gift from Pope Urban VIII , the Filipino Fathers who came to Florence from Rome received the area that stretches from Piazza San Firenze between Borgo dei Greci, Via dell'Anguillara and Via Filippina (which later became theirs Names received) extends.
In addition to the towers and palaces, this area also included the church of San Firenze (name derived from San Fiorenzo) , which was mentioned in 1174 . The Filipinos wanted to create a large complex - with a monastery, church and oratory - dedicated to the Florentine founder of the order and canonized in 1622, Philipp Neri , who was one of the protagonists of the Counter-Reformation .
In 1645 they commissioned Pietro da Cortona , one of the protagonists of the magnificent Roman Baroque, with this task, but they soon realized that the great artist's project was too ambitious for their financial means, despite a generous bequest from Giuliano, who died in 1648 Serragli received. After various attempts at correction and resizing, the contract was passed on to Pier Francesco Silvani in 1667, who designed the church and directed its construction.
After Silvani's death in 1715, Ferdinando Ruggieri created the Pietraforte façade, inspired by the church of San Gaetano in Piazza Antinori. San Firenze Vecchio, the original little church, was initially used as an oratory , which according to the custom of the order had to be separated from the church. However, this building was demolished in 1772 to replace the new oratory under the direction of Zanobi del Rosso .
In the meantime, Giovanni Filippo Ciocchi, with the help of Del Rosso, had built the monastery between 1745 and 1749, which stretched over the entire block and also connected the church and the oratory.
The last work that crowned the company was the uniform facade of the entire complex, which was also designed by Zanobi Del Rosso, but taking into account the already existing church, which was incorporated into a uniform scenography. The complex is dominated by the coat of arms of the Florentine Filipino benefactor Giuliano Serragli.
It housed the Court of Justice until 2012, when it moved to the new courthouse in Novoli. The building, which is owned by the city administration, is being adapted and some of its rooms are used for a number of exhibitions, fairs and events.
Decoration of the church
After the death of Silvani, the church was decorated and furnished under the direction of Gioacchino Fortini (1715): the baroque architecture of the apse and altars, as well as the statues of the presbytery depicting charity and purity and the first two bas-reliefs with episodes from the life of Saint Philip. Marble statues, sculptures, reliefs, frescoes and paintings (works by Giuseppe Pinzani, Alessandro Gherardini , Antonio Puglieschi, Matteo Bonechi, Anton Domenico Gabbiani ) follow a uniform design to make the church a kind of gallery of Florentine art of the 17th and 18th centuries close.
The high altar is by Zanobi del Rosso, while two side altars are by Antonio Montaiuti. In the center of the coffered ceiling there is a painting by Giovanni Camillo Sagrestani, The Glory of St. Philip Neri (1715). In the half-dome of the apse there is a large fresco by Niccolò Lapi depicting the Holy Trinity with apostles and Florentine saints . In the Sacrament Chapel (by Zanobi del Rosso, 1776) is the tomb of Pietro Bini, a Florentine priest who founded the Florentine Philippine Congregation. On the altar there is a Madonna by Carlo Maratta and a panel attributed to Giovanni Stradano ; frescoes by Luigi Sabatelli and his sons can be seen in the small dome.
The oratory to the right of the complex, already used as a courtroom (ceiling fresco with the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin by Giuliano Traballesi, dated 1775), the interior is surrounded along the side walls by boxes and exedra supported by elegant Ionic-style columns. These are altar rooms, reminding of the main function of the room in which the Filipino priests dedicated themselves above all to the hymn of praise. The oratorio was thus a kind of auditorium for sacred music , which according to the rules of St. Philip Neri was a main occupation of the priests, who for this reason were also called "oratorians".
gallery
Coat of arms of the Serragli
Group of sculptures on the facade (right)
Group of sculptures on the facade (left)
Coronation of the right wing
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Individual evidence
- ↑ Mariacristina Ferraioli: Dono di Franco Zeffirelli alla sua Firenze: nasce il Centro delle Arti e dello Spettacolo (it) . July 6, 2017. Retrieved April 2, 2020.
literature
- Franco Cesati: Il complesso di San Firenze, in Le piazze di Firenze: storia, arte, folclore e personaggi che hanno reso famosi i duecento palcoscenici storici della città più amata nel mondo . Newton Compton, 1995, p. 218 ff . (Italian).
Web links
- I Luoghi della Fede a cura della Regione Toscana ( it )
- Repertorio delle Architetture Civili di Firenze - Complesso di San Firenze ( it ) October 26, 2016. Accessed April 2, 2020.