Pissevache power plant
| Pissevache power plant | ||
|---|---|---|
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 568210 / 110370 | |
| country |
 Switzerland
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| place | Vernayaz | |
| Waters | Salanfe | |
| Height upstream | 590 m above sea level M. | |
| power plant | ||
| owner | Forces Motrices Valaisannes (FMV) | |
| Start of operation | 1898 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | 1.7 megawatts | |
| Average height of fall |
505 m | |
| Expansion flow | 0.4 m³ / s | |
| Standard work capacity | 5.2 million kWh / year | |
| Turbines |
1898: 6 × Girard turbines ( Pic-Pic ) 1928: 4 × Girard turbines (Pic-Pic) 3 × Pelton turbines ( Bell ) 1952: 2 × Pelton turbines (Bell) 2016: 1 × Pelton turbine |
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| Generators |
1928: 4 × three-phase generators (total output: 6,600 kVA) 2 × direct current generators (total output: 1,600 kW) 2016: 1 × three-phase generator (output: 1,700 kW) |
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| Others | ||
| Website | Pissevache power plant | |
The Pissevache power plant is a high-pressure run-of-river power plant near Vernayaz in the canton of Valais . The plant, which went into operation in 1898, is one of the oldest power plants in Switzerland. It lies above the Pissevache and uses the water of the Salanfe over a length of 1.1 km.
history
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At the turn of the century, the electrochemical industry began to develop. The Valais was a particularly suitable location for such operations because inexpensive hydropower was available for generating electricity. In 1899, a Frankfurt company founded a carbide factory in Vernayaz, in which calcium carbide was to be extracted from calcium oxide and coke in smelting reduction furnaces , the carbide mainly used for lighting at that time . The electricity for the reduction furnaces was to be obtained from a power station on the Salanfe . A first application for a license was made in 1894.
The factory did not go into operation for three years. In 1904 the factory passed to the Basel entrepreneur Gregor Stächelin , father of the art collector Rudolf Staechelin . From 1904, the power station began generating electricity for the Martigny-Châtelard railway . The carbide factory and the power station were sold in 1924 to Lonza , which operated the power station until 1983 and then sold it to the Forces motrices valaisannes (FMV). In 1997 it had to be shut down for safety reasons.
In 2016 the systems came back into operation after a total renovation at a cost of 5 million francs . The renewed concession of the Salvan and Vernayaz municipalities runs until 2032.
technology
The water intake is located in the municipality of Salvan near Van d'en Bas below the Cascade de Dailley, the water return above the Pissevache. The two waterfalls should remain untouched. So that the location of the cavern headquarters could be reached about 50 m above the waterfall, a funicular was built for a power station for the first time. The winch railway had a track width of 50 cm and was in operation until 1997.
The motive water is supplied through a 230 m long tunnel inlet to the water lock at the upper end of 1000 m long penstock out, which was moved for the most part in a tunnel that follows the right side of the valley. Shortly before the headquarters, which is on the left side of the valley, the pressure pipeline crosses the Salanfe with an aqueduct .
In the beginning of the cavern center there were six horizontal machine sets with 1000 HP turbines, which were made by the Ateliers Piccard-Pictet & Cie. came from. The Girard turbines with radial flow were operated at 500 min −1 . Four generators produced three-phase alternating current , two generators produced direct current for the operation of the Martigny-Châtelard railway . Each of the two DC generators of Rieter had an output of 800 kW and produced a catenary voltage of 800 V .
In the course of time, individual Girard turbines were replaced by Pelton turbines from Bell Maschinenfabrik . In 1928 two of the Girard turbines had disappeared, instead two 1200 HP Pelton turbines and one 4500 HP Pelton turbine were used. In 1952 the remaining Girard turbines were removed so that only the 3 Pelton turbines were in operation.
The plant, which was renovated in 2016, has a single twin-jet Pelton turbine with an output of 1.7 MW.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b La force hydroélectrique. In: Vernayaz.
- ↑ a b L'aménagement hydroélectrique de la Pissevache a été draw en service. In: Le Nouveliste. May 24, 2016 (French).
- ↑ Markus Seitz: 1904.01 Vernayaz route de la Cascade 39 - Pissevache power station. In: standseilbahnen.ch.
- ↑ a b c Swiss Water Management Association (ed.): Guide through the Swiss water and electricity industry . S. 512 .
- ^ Franz Prášil: Special report on the turbines and their regulators at the world exhibition in Paris 1901 . In: Schweizerische Bauzeitung . tape 37 , no. 187-189 , 1901, doi : 10.5169 / seals-22701 ( e-periodica.ch [accessed on April 13, 2019]).
- ^ H. Rikli-Kehlstadt: High-speed direct current generators for rail operations . In: Schweizerische Bauzeitung . tape 44 , no. 3 , 1904, pp. 25–28 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-24754 ( e-periodica.ch [accessed April 13, 2019]).
- ↑ Federal Office for Water Management (Ed.): Statistics on hydropower plants in Switzerland . Bern January 1, 1928, p. 390-391 .
- ↑ Switzerland. Office for Water Management (Ed.): Statistics of the hydropower plants in Switzerland on January 1, 1973 . S. 164-165 .