Cavern power plant
A cavern power plant is a hydroelectric power plant in which the machine systems ( turbines , pumps , generators , transformers , etc.) are installed in a cavity ( cavern ) blasted into the rock . This type of construction works without a nacelle .
The water supply and drainage lines of a cavern power plant mostly run completely underground as tunnels in the rock or as pipelines .
This type of power plant housing is often chosen where there is not enough space available (in narrow valleys). Also for environmental reasons, so as not to impair the landscape or to prevent noise emissions. Technically, cavern power plants often have the advantage that they can be positioned significantly deeper than the underwater basin and that cavitation is minimized by the higher pressure in the pressure and suction pipe .
The world's first underground power plant is located near Snoqualmie in Washington State and went into operation in 1898. The first cavern power plants in Germany followed in 1912 in the Samson mine in the Harz Mountains and in 1914 in the Drei-Brüder-Schacht in Saxony, the latter being the first power plant of its kind to use an underground storage space.
List of underground power plants
In Germany:
- in the Drei-Brüder-Schacht , Zug near Freiberg (Saxony) , power plant since 1914, shut down in 1972
- in the Goldisthal pumped storage power plant (1060 MW)
- in the Markersbach pumped storage power plant (1050 MW)
- in the Wehr power plant with the Hornbergbecken pumped storage plant on the Wehra on the Wehrastausee in the Black Forest ( Baden-Württemberg )
- in the Waldeck II pumped storage power plant (480 MW) on the Eder at Affolderner See in (North Hesse )
- on the Rhine, Bad Säckingen cavern power station with Eggberg pumped storage basin
- in the Samson mine , Sankt Andreasberg in the Upper Harz
In Austria:
- St. Martin 11 MW, full operation since 1965, federal state of Styria
- Kopswerk I 247 MW, full operation since 1970, state of Vorarlberg
- Kopswerk II 450 MW, full operation since 2008, state of Vorarlberg
- Limberg II (Kaprun) 480 MW, full operation since 2011, state of Salzburg
- Reißeck 2, 430 MW, full operation planned. 2014, federal state of Carinthia
In Switzerland:
- Innertkirchen I 235 MW, full operation since 1943, Canton Bern
- Grimsel II 344 MW, full operation since 1980, Canton Bern
- Innerferrera 185 MW, full operation since 1963, Canton of Graubünden
In New Zealand:
- Manapouri 850 MW, after renovation and expansion in August 2007, first commissioning in 1969
In Norway:
- Såheim power station, unit 12, full operation since 1914, Rjukan
- Bjørkåsen power plant, full operation since 1921, Ballangen
- Sima power plant in Eidfjord municipality
- Tysso II power plant in Tyssedal
In Sweden:
- Porjus power station, 1915, Lule älv
In United States:
- Snoqualmie Falls Power Plant, 1899, near Seattle , Washington State .
In Peru:
- Cañón del Pato 243 MW, in the Ancash region in the northeast Andes
Web links
- District power station Drei-Brüder-Schacht
- Friends of the Drei-Brüder-Schacht e. V.
- Vorarlberger Illwerke AG
Individual evidence
- ^ Central Hidroeléctrica Cañon del Pato. ( Memento of the original from February 17, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. MegaProyectos.pe
