Sima power plant
| Sima power plant | ||
|---|---|---|
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 60 ° 29 '58 " N , 7 ° 8' 31" E | |
| country |
 Norway
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| place | Eidfjord | |
| Waters | Langavatnet , Rundavatnet , Sysenvatnet , Rembesdalsvatnet and others | |
| power plant | ||
| operator | Statkraft | |
| Start of planning | 1917/1962 | |
| construction time | 1973-1980 | |
| Start of operation | 1980 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | 1120 megawatts | |
| Average height of fall |
Lang-Sima: 1152 or 1034 m Sy-Sima: 855 m |
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| Standard work capacity | 2728 million kWh / year | |
| Turbines | 4 Pelton turbines | |
| Others | ||
The Sima power plant is a storage power plant in western Norway in the municipality of Eidfjord . It is the second largest power plant in Norway after the Kvilldal power plant and one of the largest hydropower plants in Europe.
location
The power plant is located at the inner end of the Simadalsfjord , a branch of the Eidfjord , which in turn is the northeasternmost branch of the Hardangerfjord . Only a few aboveground systems can be seen there. The largest part is built as a cavern power station 700 meters deep into the rock of the northern flank of the Simatals (Norw. Simadalen ). The outlet of the power plant flows below the waterline from a steep rock face directly into the fjord.
At the Kjeåsen homestead , located around 600 meters high on a terrace above the Simadalsfjord , there are also other system components such as gate valves , water lock and maintenance access to the pressure tunnels in caverns . For this purpose, the once very remote homestead was made accessible through a 2.5 kilometer long access tunnel.
history
The prehistory of the Sima power plant goes back to 1917, when Osa Fossekompani A / S started building a hydropower plant in Osa in the municipality of Ulvik . However, the work was stopped unfinished after eight years.
During the Second World War , the project was taken up again by the German crew who were planning an aluminum smelter in Osa, but abandoned again after a short time.
In 1962, Statskraftverkene began a new plan that was to encompass a much larger area. In 1968 the building application was submitted and in 1973 the Norwegian Parliament ( Storting ) approved in a reduced form.
After seven years of construction with up to 1200 workers working at the same time (1977), the Sima power plant was put into operation in 1980.
Catchment area
The Sima power plant gets its drive water from two geographically independent areas. Both are located on the western edge of the Hardangervidda , which is very rainy and snowy, and include the meltwater flowing to the west, south and south-east of the Hardangerjøkul glacier . The water of the two catchment areas drives two separate parts of the plant, so that, strictly speaking, one speaks of two power plants that are housed in a common turbine hall: Lang-Sima and Sy-Sima .
Lang-Sima
Lang-Sima alternatively draws its water from the two reservoirs in the north, Langavatnet , from which the name of this part of the power plant is derived, and Rundavatnet via a shared 8-kilometer-long pressure tunnel. This leads to the gate valve at Kjeåsen and has a cross-sectional area of 30 square meters.
With the help of several transfer tunnels, the upper part of the water originally flowing to the Simatal and Austdøla River is collected in the Langavatnet . This includes the melt water flowing down from the west side of Hardangerjøkul .
The Rundavatnet collects the water from the lower part of Austdøla and the water from the Norddøla River is collected via a tunnel from the Skrulsvatnet lake, 6 kilometers north-west . This also includes the meltwater from some firn fields ( Osaskavlen ).
Sy-Sima
Sy-Sima is mainly fed by the Bjoreio river system , whose water is diverted to the Sysenvatnet reservoir . As a result, the catchment area extends over 20 kilometers south-east of the lake into the Hardangervidda. The reservoir, from whose name the name of this part of the power plant is derived, is located in a northern side valley of the Bjoreio and itself receives numerous meltwater courses of the northern Hardangerjøkuls. The dam consists of 3.6 million cubic meters of rubble, the length of its dam crown is 1,100 meters. This makes it one of the largest in Norway. It is located directly on Reichsstraße 7 ( Riksvei 7 ) leading from Eidfjord over the Hardangervidda to Geilo .
From Sysenvatnet the water is 14 kilometer long tunnel with a cross sectional area of 35 square meters to the north-west located at the upper end of the Simatals reservoir Rembesdalsvatnet conducted, which also by the melt water from the eastern glacier Rembesdalskåka is fed and some further from the north coming streams.
The water flows from Rembesdalsvatnet through a 7-kilometer-long pressure tunnel with a cross-sectional area of 52 square meters to the surge tank and gate valve at Kjeåsen . The equalization shaft of the water lock also serves to introduce the Åsåna watercourse flowing down from the Kjeåsvatnet lake above .
power plant
From the gate valves at Kjeåsen , two 850 meter long steel-clad pressure tunnels lead down to the power station with a gradient of 1: 1. The inner diameter of the tube for Lang-Sima decreases from top to bottom from 3.4 to 2.75 meters, that for Sy-Sima from 3.9 to 3.0 meters. The steel jacket has a thickness of up to 78 or 68 millimeters, 7500 tons of steel were used for it. At the lower end, the two tubes split into two branches, each of which serves as an inlet to one of the four turbines.
The machine hall of the power plant is located in a 200 meter long, 20 meter wide and 40 meter high cavern. It is only a few meters above sea level and has a 700 meter long access tunnel from the bottom of the Sima Valley.
The gross head of Lang-Sima is 1152 meters from Langvatnet or 1034 meters from Rundavatnet , depending on the active inlet . This drives two Pelton turbines with a vertical shaft position and five nozzles. The two generators located above the turbines generate an output of 250 megawatts each .
At Sy-Sima, two Pelton turbines with a vertical shaft position and five nozzles are also driven with a head of 855 meters. The generators arranged above each generate 310 megawatts.
The power plant has a total annual working capacity of 2728 GWh , of which Sy-Sima produce 1640 GWh and Lang-Sima 1088 GWh.
The control and monitoring of the power plant is carried out from the operations center in Sauda , about 100 kilometers away .
Web links
- Brochure about the Sima power plant (PDF; 2.7 MB) from the operator Statkraft - accessed on June 2, 2013 (English)