Bullet Faster
| Bullet Faster | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Common Kugelschneller ( Sphaerobolus stellatus ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Sphaerobolus | ||||||||||||
| Deaths |
The Kugelschneller ( Sphaerobolus ) are a genus of mushrooms from the family of the Kugelschneller related (Sphaerobolaceae). The common Kugelschneller ( S. stellatus ) is the only species in Europe .
features
The fruiting bodies of the Kugelschneller are 1–2 mm in size. In these a single mass of spores, the gleba or peridiole, is formed. It contains two types of spores: mononuclear, thick-walled basidiospores and thin-walled elongated asexual spores ( gemmae ) with two or more nuclei. The fruiting bodies usually occur in groups of dozen of specimens. They are initially spherical and whitish to orange-yellow. When ripe, the outer shell bursts open in a star shape and reveals the matt translucent sphere with the spore mass inside. As soon as the outer shell has opened completely, the inner shell suddenly turns inside out and hurls the spore ball up to several meters away.
species
Worldwide, the genus comprises three species - all other taxa described are considered synonyms . In Europe only Sphaerobolus stellatus is native.
| Bullet-fast ( Sphaerobolus ) worldwide |
ecology
Saprobiontic inhabitants of rotten wood of all kinds, but also of rotting herb stalks and other plant remains, are faster as a ball .
distribution
The Kugelschneller form a cosmopolitan genre in North and South America, Europe, Asia (including Japan), Australia, New Zealand. In Central Europe, the globular fastener ( Sphaerobolus stellatus ) occurs frequently. However, it is so small that it is easily overlooked.
meaning
The bullets are considered to be the only mushrooms “that can be heard”, because the sudden shooting of the spore ball occurs with such energy that the impact on an obstacle can be heard. For the same reason, one should protect one's eyes when looking at the mushrooms.
swell
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
- Meinhard Moser, Jakob E. Lange, Morton Lange: Mushrooms . Over 600 edible and poisonous mushrooms. BLV, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-405-11768-2 .
- Ewald Gerhardt: Röhrlinge, Porlinge, Belly mushrooms, Ashlar mushrooms and others . In: mushrooms. Spectrum of nature, BLV intensive guide . tape 2 . BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 1985, ISBN 3-405-12965-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c József Geml, Donald D. Davis, David M. Geiser: Systematics of the genus Sphaerobolus based on molecular and morphological data, with the description of Sphaerobolus ingoldii sp. nov. In: Mycologia . tape 97 , no. 3 , 2005, p. 680-694 , doi : 10.3852 / mycologia.97.3.680 ( mycologia.org [PDF]).
- ↑ Eric Strittmatter: The genus Sphaerobolus. In: Fungiworld.com. Mushroom Taxa Database. Retrieved February 11, 2014 .
