Copper / tables and graphs
Here are tables and graphs with information about Copper shown.
overview
In 2018, global copper production was 20.4 million t (2017: 20.0 million t). By far the most important production nation was Chile (5.8 million t), followed by Peru (2.4 million t), the People's Republic of China (1.6 million t), the United States (1.2 million t). t) and the DR Congo (1.2 million t). These five states together had a share of 60.3% in world production. In Europe, Russia, Poland, Bulgaria, Portugal and Sweden should be mentioned.
The smelting and refining of copper is only partially carried out in the respective producing countries. China in particular now smelts and refines a significant proportion of global copper production. The following table gives an overview of the four countries with the largest amounts of refined copper.
rank | country | Funding (2017) |
Smelting (2016) |
Refining (2016) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. | People's Republic of China | 1.7 | 5.5 | 8.0 |
2. | Chile | 5.5 | 1.5 | 2.7 |
3. | Japan | <0.01 | 1.4 | 1.5 |
4th | United States | 1.3 | 0.5 | 1.2 |
Eligible reserves were estimated by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in January 2020 at 870 million t worldwide. Chile accounted for 200 million t, Australia 87 million t, Peru also 87 million t, Russia 61 million t and Mexico 53 million t. These five states together had a share of 56.1 percent of the world's reserves. The static range of the reserves is around 43 years.
The copper mines on the Keweenaw Peninsula on Lake Superior / USA were historically significant (the world's largest deposit of native copper; extraction already in pre-Columbian times). In Germany, copper shale was mined in the Mansfeld region until 1990 .
Reserves
The United States Geological Survey distinguishes between the following two categories:
- The reserve base is that portion of an identified resource that meets the specific minimum physical and chemical criteria for current mining and production practices, including grade , quality , thickness and depth . The publication of data on the stock base was stopped by the USGS in 2009.
- The reserves are that part of the supply base that could be economically extracted or produced at a given time. The term does not have to mean that extraction systems are installed and working. Reserves only contain exploitable substances.
The reserves of the countries with the greatest production are listed here.
rank | country | advancement | Reserves | Stock base (2009) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Chile | 5,830 | 200,000 | 360,000 |
2. | Peru | 2,440 | 87,000 | 120,000 |
3. | Australia | 920 | 87,000 | 88,000 |
4th | Russia | 751 | 61,000 | 30,000 |
5. | Mexico | 751 | 53,000 | 50,000 |
6th | United States | 1,220 | 51,000 | 70,000 |
7th | Indonesia | 651 | 28,000 | 38,000 |
8th. | People's Republic of China | 1,590 | 26,000 | 63,000 |
9. | DR Congo | 1,230 | 19,000 | k. A. |
10. | Zambia | 854 | 19,000 | 35,000 |
Other countries | 3,540 | 220,000 | 110,000 | |
world | 20,400 | 870,000 | 1,000,000 |
advancement
By country
The following table contains all countries whose annual production in 2018 was over 10,000 tons. The copper content of ores and concentrates is given. Copper has not been mined in Germany since the early 1990s. All figures relate to the states within their current borders.
Rank (2018) |
country | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Chile | 686 | 1,068 | 1,588 | 4,602 | 5,419 | 5,772 | 5,553 | 5,504 | 5,832 |
2. | Peru | 220 | 367 | 323 | 554 | 1,247 | 1,701 | 2,354 | 2,446 | 2,437 |
3. | People's Republic of China | 120 | 165 | 285 | 889 | 1,156 | 1,712 | 1,900 | 1,706 | 1,591 |
4th | United States | 1,560 | 1,181 | 1,588 | 1,444 | 1.110 | 1,416 | 1,462 | 1,290 | 1,250 |
5. | DR Congo | 386 | 462 | 352 | 33 | 378 | 1,039 | 1,024 | 1,095 | 1,225 |
6th | Australia | 158 | 244 | 330 | 832 | 871 | 996 | 948 | 849 | 913 |
7th | Zambia | 684 | 610 | 546 | 249 | 767 | 711 | 725 | 797 | 851 |
8th. | Russia | 387 | 400 | 643 | 530 | 703 | 711 | 702 | 762 | 785 |
9. | Mexico | 61 | 175 | 299 | 365 | 270 | 594 | 766 | 742 | 697 |
10. | Indonesia | 0 | 59 | 162 | 1.012 | 863 | 579 | 728 | 622 | 651 |
11. | Kazakhstan | 138 | 143 | 230 | 430 | 381 | 474 | 475 | 558 | 636 |
12. | Canada | 610 | 716 | 794 | 634 | 522 | 715 | 693 | 597 | 539 |
13. | Mongolia | 0 | 44 | 124 | 126 | 128 | 318 | 516 | 475 | 459 |
14th | Poland | 83 | 343 | 370 | 454 | 426 | 426 | 424 | 419 | 401 |
15th | Brazil | 4th | 0 | 34 | 32 | 214 | 359 | 338 | 385 | 381 |
16. | Iran | 0 | 1 | 67 | 147 | 257 | 246 | 289 | 296 | 317 |
17th | Spain | 10 | 49 | 13 | 25th | 54 | 113 | 168 | 198 | 185 |
18th | Myanmar | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 71 | 95 | 116 | 154 |
19th | Laos | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 132 | 168 | 178 | 153 | 147 |
20th | Bulgaria | 42 | 62 | 33 | 93 | 113 | 112 | 110 | 109 | 109 |
21st | Sweden | 26th | 43 | 74 | 78 | 77 | 75 | 79 | 104 | 106 |
22nd | Uzbekistan | 42 | 43 | 69 | 70 | 80 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
23. | Papua New Guinea | 0 | 147 | 170 | 203 | 160 | 45 | 80 | 105 | 96 |
24. | Armenia | 1 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 31 | 84 | 103 | 114 | 84 |
25th | Turkey | 31 | 21st | 40 | 76 | 80 | 108 | 100 | 83 | 80 |
26th | Philippines | 160 | 305 | 181 | 32 | 58 | 84 | 84 | 68 | 70 |
27. | Saudi Arabia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 28 | 36 | 68 |
28. | Portugal | 4th | 4th | 160 | 76 | 74 | 83 | 74 | 64 | 49 |
29 | South Africa | 144 | 201 | 188 | 148 | 103 | 77 | 65 | 66 | 47 |
30th | Finland | 31 | 53 | 18th | 12 | 15th | 41 | 47 | 53 | 47 |
31. | Serbia | 85 | 107 | 129 | 46 | 23 | 30th | 41 | 45 | 44 |
32. | India | 10 | 27 | 52 | 38 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 34 | 37 |
33. | Mauritania | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 | 45 | 33 | 29 | 28 |
34. | Morocco | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15th | 20th | 24 | 25th | 24 |
35. | Vietnam | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 23 | 23 | 21st | 23 |
36. | Argentina | 1 | 0 | 0 | 145 | 140 | 62 | 82 | 33 | 17th |
37. | Eritrea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 62 | 25th | 8th | 17th |
38. | Pakistan | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20th | 16 | 14th | 15th | 17th |
39. | Namibia | 23 | 39 | 28 | 5 | 0 | 14th | 17th | 16 | 15th |
40. | Georgia | 3 | 3 | 4th | 9 | 11 | 13 | 14th | 15th | 13 |
41. | Colombia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 8th | 9 | 10 |
By company
The company, the country in which it is headquartered, the production volume and the proportion of global production are listed.
rank | Companies | country | amount | Percentage ownership % |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Codelco | Chile | 1840 | 9.1 |
2. | Freeport-McMoRan | United States | 1436 | 7.1 |
3. | Glencore | Switzerland | 1247 | 6.2 |
4th | Grupo México | Mexico | 883 | 4.4 |
5. | BHP Billiton |
Australia United Kingdom |
796 | 3.9 |
6th | KGHM Polska Miedź | Poland | 553 | 2.7 |
7th | First Quantum Minerals | Canada | 513 | 2.5 |
8th. | Rio Tinto Group |
Australia United Kingdom |
499 | 2.5 |
9. | Antofagasta plc | United Kingdom | 486 | 2.4 |
10. | Minerals and Metals Group | Australia | 445 | 2.2 |
World funding
The following table shows world production in thousands of tons.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production and export
Smelting by country
All figures relate to the states within their current borders.
Rank (2018) |
country | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | People's Republic of China | 120 | 175 | 358 | 1.014 | 2,826 | 6.115 | 5,966 | 6,357 |
2. | Japan | 603 | 929 | 1,041 | 1,331 | 1,356 | 1,290 | 1,192 | 1,263 |
3. | Chile | 647 | 953 | 1,329 | 1,460 | 1,560 | 1,365 | 1,265 | 1,246 |
4th | Zambia | 683 | 601 | 355 | 180 | 535 | 698 | 788 | 829 |
5. | Russia | 368 | 516 | 954 | 550 | 647 | 665 | 730 | 754 |
6th | United States | 1,489 | 1.008 | 1,158 | 862 | 601 | 563 | 470 | 536 |
7th | South Korea | 5 | 64 | 161 | 371 | 476 | 510 | 510 | 530 |
8th. | India | 9 | 28 | 41 | 256 | 654 | 773 | 823 | 492 |
9. | Poland | 69 | 367 | 430 | 463 | 470 | 447 | 458 | 462 |
10. | Australia | 112 | 175 | 192 | 391 | 410 | 445 | 360 | 378 |
11. | Peru | 177 | 349 | 261 | 340 | 313 | 309 | 317 | 328 |
12. | Bulgaria | 40 | 59 | 30th | 163 | 247 | 245 | 323 | 317 |
13. | Germany | 134 | 170 | 198 | 211 | 379 | 343 | 333 | 311 |
14th | Iran | 0 | 0 | 79 | 156 | 188 | 153 | 114 | 304 |
15th | Kazakhstan | 165 | 230 | 426 | 414 | 354 | 294 | 296 | 295 |
16. | Canada | 465 | 493 | 476 | 544 | 318 | 304 | 289 | 290 |
17th | Mexico | 60 | 86 | 210 | 308 | 169 | 268 | 270 | 286 |
18th | Spain | 55 | 103 | 121 | 290 | 259 | 292 | 272 | 285 |
19th | Indonesia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 174 | 263 | 256 | 246 | 259 |
20th | Philippines | 0 | 0 | 153 | 150 | 216 | 215 | 240 | 171 |
21st | Sweden | 37 | 46 | 76 | 105 | 142 | 132 | 150 | 150 |
Refinery production
By country
All figures relate to the states within their current borders.
Rank (2018) |
country | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | People's Republic of China | 120 | 295 | 558 | 1,371 | 4,540 | 8,436 | 8,970 | 9,029 |
2. | Chile | 452 | 811 | 1,192 | 2,668 | 3,244 | 2,613 | 2,430 | 2,461 |
3. | Japan | 713 | 1.014 | 1.008 | 1,437 | 1,549 | 1,553 | 1,488 | 1,595 |
4th | United States | 1444 | 1,730 | 2.017 | 1,802 | 1,095 | 1,220 | 1,080 | 1,070 |
5. | Russia | 346 | 502 | 722 | 842 | 900 | 860 | 949 | 1,039 |
6th | DR Congo | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 259 | 819 | 825 | 1,000 |
7th | Germany | 440 | 425 | 532 | 709 | 704 | 671 | 694 | 672 |
8th. | South Korea | 7th | 88 | 192 | 471 | 565 | 645 | 663 | 665 |
9. | Poland | 93 | 357 | 346 | 486 | 547 | 536 | 522 | 502 |
10. | Zambia | 534 | 608 | 426 | 226 | 767 | 426 | 466 | 458 |
11. | India | 10 | 23 | 46 | 260 | 512 | 788 | 831 | 450 |
12. | Kazakhstan | 199 | 288 | 414 | 395 | 323 | 408 | 426 | 438 |
13. | Mexico | 53 | 97 | 157 | 343 | 247 | 462 | 446 | 437 |
14th | Spain | 111 | 154 | 171 | 316 | 348 | 429 | 415 | 424 |
15th | Australia | 127 | 182 | 274 | 509 | 424 | 475 | 386 | 408 |
16. | Belgium | 326 | 526 | 332 | 423 | 381 | 367 | 399 | 390 |
17th | Peru | 33 | 224 | 182 | 452 | 394 | 331 | 335 | 337 |
18th | Canada | 478 | 505 | 516 | 551 | 320 | 314 | 330 | 291 |
19th | Indonesia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 158 | 279 | 253 | 271 | 275 |
20th | Iran | 0 | 1 | 48 | 181 | 220 | 193 | 161 | 239 |
21st | Sweden | 35 | 56 | 97 | 133 | 190 | 207 | 219 | 224 |
By company
Listed are the company, headquarters, refinery production and share of global production.
rank | Companies | country | amount | Percentage ownership % |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Codelco | Chile | 1881 | 10.4 |
2. | Aurubis AG | Germany | 1092 | 6.0 |
3. | Freeport-McMoRan | United States | 1028 | 5.7 |
4th | Jiangxi Copper | People's Republic of China | 804 | 4.4 |
5. | Xstrata | Switzerland | 761 | 4.2 |
6th | Nippon Mining & Metals Company | Japan | 666 | 3.7 |
7th | BHP Billiton |
Australia United Kingdom |
587 | 3.2 |
8th. | Sumitomo Metal Mining | Japan | 529 | 2.9 |
9. | LS-Nikko Copper | South Korea | 519 | 2.9 |
10. | Mitsubishi Materials | Japan | 506 | 2.8 |
11. | KGHM Polska Miedź | Poland | 503 | 2.8 |
Copper export by country
The following table shows countries according to their copper exports . Data is for 2012 and is in millions of dollars as reported by the Observatory of Economic Complexity. The top ten countries are listed.
# | country | Value in millions of US dollars |
---|---|---|
1 | Chile | 21,962 |
2 | Japan | 4,542 |
3 | Kazakhstan | 3,637 |
4th | Australia | 2,904 |
5 | Poland | 2,672 |
6th | Russia | 2,528 |
7th | Zambia | 2,349 |
8th | India | 2,248 |
9 | Germany | 2,106 |
10 | Peru | 1,989 |
Copper price
On February 15, 2011, the price of copper in New York hit an all-time high of 464.50 US cents per pound (454 grams).
Below are the annual high, low and closing prices for the copper futures in cents per pound on the New York Commodities Exchange (COMEX).
year | Peak | Lowest point | Final stand |
---|---|---|---|
1970 | 78.00 | 45.05 | 49.35 |
1971 | 58.70 | 43.90 | 48.05 |
1972 | 53.45 | 46.40 | 50.25 |
1973 | 100.35 | 49.85 | 84.80 |
1974 | 137.70 | 53.50 | 53.60 |
1975 | 63.70 | 51.30 | 55.30 |
1976 | 80.50 | 53.80 | 63.20 |
1977 | 72.50 | 53.00 | 60.30 |
1978 | 71.75 | 55.50 | 71.05 |
1979 | 119.00 | 69.25 | 105.20 |
1980 | 148.40 | 80.15 | 86.55 |
1981 | 91.70 | 72.50 | 75.70 |
1982 | 76.10 | 54.60 | 69.65 |
1983 | 81.90 | 60.80 | 67.00 |
1984 | 71.80 | 55.30 | 57.20 |
1985 | 67.25 | 55.70 | 64.15 |
1986 | 69.15 | 57.50 | 61.15 |
1987 | 127.80 | 60.05 | 127.40 |
1988 | 164.75 | 84.30 | 139.75 |
1989 | 154.75 | 98.50 | 106.40 |
1990 | 135.00 | 95.00 | 116.85 |
1991 | 119.70 | 96.05 | 97.55 |
1992 | 117.10 | 93.70 | 103.60 |
1993 | 108.00 | 72.00 | 83.30 |
1994 | 139.00 | 78.50 | 138.60 |
1995 | 146.00 | 118.80 | 120.55 |
1996 | 126.60 | 83.00 | 100.25 |
1997 | 123.10 | 77.40 | 78.10 |
1998 | 87.40 | 65.70 | 67.20 |
1999 | 86.40 | 61.10 | 86.30 |
2000 | 94.40 | 74.25 | 84.30 |
2001 | 86.40 | 60.50 | 65.90 |
2002 | 79.45 | 65.65 | 70.25 |
2003 | 105.10 | 70.05 | 104.55 |
2004 | 151.70 | 105.90 | 148.70 |
2005 | 207.20 | 133.00 | 204.20 |
2006 | 402.75 | 201.20 | 284.95 |
2007 | 380.05 | 238.25 | 303.45 |
2008 | 409.75 | 125.50 | 140.00 |
2009 | 337.48 | 137.20 | 333.85 |
2010 | 444.73 | 271.63 | 443.28 |
2011 | 464.50 | 300.00 | 343.30 |
2012 | 398.80 | 323.80 | 364.90 |
2013 | 379.20 | 298.60 | 339.40 |
2014 | 342.40 | 275.50 | 282.70 |
2015 | 295.60 | 200.20 | 213.60 |
2016 | 275.20 | 193.70 | 250.70 |
2017 | 332.30 | 247.40 | 330.05 |
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e United States Geological Survey: Copper Statistics and Information
- ↑ a b c d British Geological Survey: World mineral statistics archive
- ↑ a b KGHM Polska Miedź: Top 10 - Mining Copper Producers , Integrated Report for 2017, p. 52
- ↑ United States Geological Survey: World Production since 1900
- ^ Observatory of Economic complexity - Countries that export Refined Copper (2012) , atlas.media.mit.edu
- ^ Commodity Research Bureau: The CRB Encyclopedia of Commodity and Financial Prices , John Wiley & Sons, New York 2009, ISBN 0470344067