Kurt Schilling (philosopher)

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Kurt Schilling (born October 17, 1899 in Munich , † February 11, 1977 in Kreuth ) was a German philosopher and professor at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich . He initially published as Kurt Schilling-Wollny .

biography

Schilling studied philosophy, German literature and history in Munich , Freiburg im Breisgau , Marburg and Göttingen . In 1926 he received his doctorate from the University of Göttingen with Moritz Geiger ( on conceptual knowledge as opposed to mathematical knowledge ). In 1932 he completed his habilitation in Munich ( Nature and Truth. Investigation of the origin and development of the Schelling system up to 1800 ). In 1933 he joined the NSDAP (and the NS Kraftfahrerbund). He was also a leader in the National Socialist German Lecturer Association at the Philosophical Faculty. In 1938 he became a non-official associate professor. From 1939 to 1941 he was a deputy professor in Prague and, after his return to Munich, deputy professor of Max Buchner and then of Fritz-Joachim von Rintelen . After the war, he was initially dismissed because of his National Socialist past, but then in 1948 he was an extraordinary professor at the University of Munich. His first lecture in 1949, like the last before his dismissal, was dedicated to Shakespeare. In 1963 he retired.

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He dealt particularly with the history of philosophy, legal and state philosophy, also aesthetics, social philosophy and philosophy of technology. He belongs to the neo-Kantian circle (he dedicated his habilitation to Richard Hönigswald ) and was also influenced by Martin Heidegger and Nicolai Hartmann , but later distanced himself from both.

National Socialism

In the 1930s he was a National Socialist who gave lectures on National Socialist worldview and was even intended for a philosophy department in the SS-Ahnenerbe.In an SD report for Himmler on philosophy professors in Germany in 1942, he was counted among the politically positive philosophers in the sense of National Socialism (and classified as a Hegel student). According to Christian Tilitzki , however, he repeatedly allowed himself digressions from the party ideology and was classified by him as a liberal National Socialist . For example, in his introduction to the philosophy of the state and the law of 1939, Schilling said that a leadership state could be a constitutional state and not have to be a dictatorship and that the state finds its limits in the conscience of the individual. The main motivation for his turn to National Socialism was the experience of the chaotic final years of the Weimar Republic.

Fonts

  • About the conceptual knowledge in contrast to the mathematical , phil. Diss., Munich: Fröhlich 1926.
  • Aristotle's Thought of Philosophy , Munich: Reinhardt 1928.
  • Hegel's Science of Reality and its Sources , Munich: Reinhardt 1929.
  • The State. Its intellectual foundations, its origins and development , Munich: Reinhardt 1935.
  • An overview of the history of the philosophy of state and legal philosophy from the Greeks to the present (= jurisprudential plans ), Berlin: Junker and Dünnhaupt 1937.
  • The being of the work of art , Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann 1938.
  • Introduction to the philosophy of state and law , Berlin: Junker and Dünnhaupt 1939.
  • Image and interpretation of the war by Schiller , Leipzig: Kohlhammer 1941.
  • Kant. Personality and Work , Munich: Reinhardt 1942.
  • History of Philosophy , 2 volumes, Munich: Reinhardt 1943/44, 2nd edition, 1951, 1953.
  • Introduction to the History of Philosophy , Heidelberg: Winter 1949.
  • Study guide to the history of philosophy , Heidelberg: Winter 1949.
  • Plato: Introduction to his philosophy , Reutlingen: Gryphius 1948.
  • Shakespeare: The idea of ​​being human in his works , Munich: Reinhardt 1953.
  • History of philosophy. From the Renaissance to Kant (= Göschen Collection ), Berlin: De Gruyter 1954.
  • History of social ideas. Individual, community, society (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 261), Stuttgart: Kröner 1957, DNB 454355920 .
  • The art , Meisenheim / Glan: Hain 1961.
  • World history of philosophy , Berlin: Duncker & Humblot 1964, reprint 2006.
  • Philosophy of technology. The spiritual development of mankind from the beginning to the present , Herford: Maximilian Verlag 1968.

In 1943 he published a translation of Prometheus by Aeschylus in Munich . He also translated Seven Against Thebes by Aeschylus and Oidipus Tyrann von Sophocles from Greek into German.

swell

  • Entry in Rudolf Vierhaus (Ed.), In: Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie , De Gruyter.
  • Robert M. Zoske: Longing for the Light - On the Religious Development by Hans Scholl , Munich: Herbert Utz Verlag 2014, p. 226 ff. (In particular on the political attitude of Schilling under National Socialism).

References and comments

  1. ↑ Published in Munich by Fröhlich 1926.
  2. ^ Kurt Schilling 70 years old , in: Journal for philosophical research , Volume 23, 1969, pp. 416-418, JSTOR (first page).
  3. ↑ Hönigswald supported Schilling's habilitation against resistance, so that Schilling held on to him even after he was forced to retire in 1933. Roswitha Grassl, Peter Richart-Willmes: Thinking in his time, a personal glossary on Richard Hönigswald's environment , Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann 1997, p. 112 (with biography of Schilling).
  4. ↑ Robert M. Zoske: Sehnsucht nach dem Licht , p. 227. At the Salzburg Ahnenerbed Science Weeks in 1939 he was supposed to give a lecture on Nietzsche, which prevented the outbreak of war.
  5. ↑ Christian Tilitzki: The German University Philosophy in the Weimar Republic and in the Third Reich , Berlin 2002, p. 1082, quoted from Robert M. Zoske: Sehnsucht nach dem Licht , p. 229.
personal data
SURNAME Schilling, Kurt
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schilling-Wollny, Kurt
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philosopher and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH October 17, 1899
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH February 11, 1977
Place of death Kreuth