Kurter
| Kurter | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kurtus indicus , male |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Kurtidae | ||||||||||||
| Bleeker , 1859 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Kurtus | ||||||||||||
| Bloch , 1786 |
The Kurter ( Kurtus ( Gr .: "Kyrtos" = curved, with a hump)) are a genus of perch-related fish (Percomorphaceae). The two species are isolated in the group and belong to their own suborder and family (Kurtoidei or Kurtidae).
features
The high-backed fish have a laterally flattened body, which is covered by small cycloid scales, a very short lateral line organ and a large, sloping mouth with narrow, slender teeth arranged in bands. Kurter only have one dorsal fin , the front, hard-nosed section is reduced. The anal fin is elongated and has two hard rays and 31 to 47 soft rays, the pelvic fins have one hard and five soft rays. The caudal fin is deeply split. The ribs are wide and partially enclose the swim bladder . The bones of the gill cover are very thin. There are four spines on the gill cover .
The males of the Kurter have a bony hump above the head, formed by the supraoccipital (skull bone) and modified dorsal fin rays, with the help of which they carry the relatively large, grape-like eggs attached to a twisted egg membrane until the fish larvae hatch.
species
- Australian Kurter ( Kurtus gulliveri ) Castelnau , 1878 , lives in mangroves , estuaries, and slow-flowing rivers in northern Australia and southern New Guinea , up to 63 centimeters long. Anal fin with 44 to 47 soft rays .
- Indian Kurter ( Kurtus indicus ) Bloch , 1786 , lives in the sea, in brackish water and in fresh water from the Indian Coromandel coast to Borneo and China. It is only 12.6 centimeters long. Anal fin with 31 to 32 soft rays.
External system
The genus Kurtus is systematically isolated and belongs to its own family (Kurtidae). The Kurtidae family was originally placed in the order of the perch-like (Perciformes), a collective group which in its original composition was only insufficiently defined by derived characteristics and was certainly not monophyletic .
Comparative DNA sequence analyzes showed a relatively close relationship with the gobies (Gobioidei) and cardinalfish (Apogonidae), so that Christine Thacker and colleagues assigned the curter to the order of the Gobiiformes . Ricardo Betancur-R. and employees, on the other hand, set up a new order, the kurtiformes, in which cardinalfish and kurter are united as sister families. The Kurtiformes are the sister group of the Gobiiformes and together with them form the Gobiaria series. These relationships are confirmed by Thomas Near and colleagues in their study of the phylogeny of the acanthomorpha based on DNA sequence analyzes , but cannot be confirmed by Fraser in his study of the relationship between cardinalfish and curter based on morphological comparisons.
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
- Kurt Fiedler: Textbook of Special Zoology, Volume II, Part 2: Fish , Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena, 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6
- Tim M. Berra: Nurseryfish, Kurtus gulliveri (Perciformes: Kurtidae), from northern Australia: redescription, distribution, egg mass, and comparison with K. indicus from southeast Asia. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Volume 14, No. 4, Pages 295-306, December 2003 © by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, Germany - ISSN 0936-9902 PDF
Individual evidence
- ↑ Christine E. Thacker & Dawn M. Roje: Phylogeny of cardinalfishes (Teleostei: Gobiiformes: Apogonidae) and the evolution of visceral bioluminescence. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 52, Issue 3, September 2009, Pages 735-745 doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2009.05.017
-
↑ Ricardo Betancur-R., Richard E. Broughton, Edward O. Wiley, Kent Carpenter, J. Andrés López, Chenhong Li, Nancy I. Holcroft, Dahiana Arcila, Millicent Sanciangco, James C Cureton II, Feifei Zhang, Thaddaeus Buser, Matthew A. Campbell, Jesus A Ballesteros, Adela Roa-Varon, Stuart Willis, W. Calvin Borden, Thaine Rowley, Paulette C. Reneau, Daniel J. Hough, Guoqing Lu, Terry Grande, Gloria Arratia, Guillermo Ortí: The Tree of Life and a New Classification of Bony Fishes. PLOS Currents Tree of Life. 2013 Apr 18 [last modified: 2013 Apr 23]. Edition 1. doi: 10.1371 / currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288 , PDF ( Memento of the original from October 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Betancur-R, R., E. Wiley, N. Bailly, M. Miya, G. Lecointre, and G. Ortí. 2014. Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes --Version 3 ( Archived copy ( memento of the original from August 14, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ).
- ^ Thomas J. Near, A. Dornburg, RI Eytan, BP Keck, WL Smith, KL Kuhn, JA Moore, SA Price, FT Burbrink, M. Friedman & PC Wainwright. 2013. Phylogeny and tempo of diversification in the superradiation of spiny-rayed fishes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101: 12738-21743. doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1304661110 [PDF]
- ^ TH Fraser (2013): A new genus of cardinalfish (Apogonidae: Percomorpha), redescription of Archamia and resemblances and relationships with Kurtus (Kurtidae: Percomorpha). Zootaxa , 3714 (1): 1-63. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa.3714.1.1
Web links
- Kurter on Fishbase.org (English)