Lüschow (Goldberg)
Coordinates: 53 ° 37 ' N , 12 ° 6' E
Lüschow is a district of the town of Goldberg and is now part of the Goldberg-Mildenitz district in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .
geography
The small settlement Lüschow is located on the northern edge of the Goldberg field, about 750 meters northeast of the federal highway 192 on the southwest bank of the lake of the same name Lüschow , whose water surface is already in Dobbertiner municipality. The place Lüschow is located in the western part of the Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide nature park .
The distance to the core city of Goldberg is four kilometers. The monastery village Dobbertin is two kilometers to the west.
The built-up location is almost 50 meters above sea level. The Jasenitz runs west of the village and flows into the Dobbertiner See shortly afterwards . Another body of water in the area is the Borgsee , which is about 700 meters southeast of Lüschow.
history
Lüschow is a place without medieval tradition. A Slavic predecessor settlement is suspected. The name Lüschow is interpreted from the Slavic Lis, Liska for fox , but also as a personal name Luzcowe, Lucek .
Lüschow was first mentioned in 1237 when describing the borders and expanding the Dobbertiner property: "Lake Luzcowe with the whole Jasenitz stream, because it flows into the Jawir (Dobbertiner See), the towns, then the Dobrotin church ..." .
After the conversion of the monk's monastery into a nunnery, after 1237 they moved more to the fertile northern region. The Lüschow Lake was reserved for fishing and served to delimit the newly acquired monastery area at the Goldberger Stadt Feld. To the west of the Lüschow lake is the Wendfeld with the natural monument Wendeneiche .
Between the town of Goldberg and the Dobbertin monastery, after the first complaints and in 1743 there were lawsuits due to border disputes on the Lüschow and in Schwinz , the damming of the Jawir See (Dobbertiner See) and the fishing justice in the Lüschowsee and the Jasenitz as a desert Mühlenbach until 1770, Inspections with commissions, negotiations and trials before the court and regional court, which lasted until 1861. After the city of Goldberg waived all claims to the Jungfernwiesen and Lüschow, the monastery filed a lawsuit against the city of Goldberg in 1864 because of the fractions in the Jawir See (Dobbertiner See). It was about fishing with baskets "as far as you can wade in them, but not with boats" . The city would not have had to complete the subsequent comparison with the monastery if the city representatives had been aware of the content of the old monastery documents.
The place Lüschow
The first skating that Häusler estates H 1 and H 2 may have originated before 1882 after transfer of ownership of the southern part of Lüschow to Goldberg, as can be seen on the Messtischblatt of the 1,882th
At the suggestion of the Goldberg merchant Heinrich Ehlers, the construction of further settlement houses for forest workers began in 1895 near the lime kiln . In 1900 the houses H 3 and H 4 and after 1902 the house 5 with the stables at the forest were moved into. On July 30, 1911, a children's service with a trumpet choir took place in the forest. There were soft drinks in the Drenkhahn restaurant. After the beginning of the First World War, no further planned houses were implemented. After 1920, the focus was more on agriculture and the lime distillery turned into a farm with the Zur Deutschen Eiche inn , which was popular as an excursion restaurant and boarding house until the Second World War .
The first house in the local area is now inhabited with a studio by the painter Horst Meyn.
About 750 meters west of the former houses on the B 192 are the abandoned remains of the Hellbergs restaurant, which opened in 1900 . A hiking trail led there from Goldberg and there was a swimming area at Lake Dobbertiner. During the GDR era it was a vacation home of the GDR Deutsche Post . The adjacent Villa Seeblick is no longer inhabited either.
Former vacation home of the Deutsche Post of the GDR
Villa lake view
Lime kiln
Before 1884, peat was cut at great depths west of the Jasenitz border brook on the Goldberger Stadt-Feldmark in the moor area at Lüschowsee. The brick maker Christoph Groth from Wendisch Waren temporarily employed ten workers on the Lüschow peat cut . During further mining, pure meadow limestone was discovered under the peat.
As early as the spring of 1883, the Mayor of Goldberg, Meyer, suggested “mining the peat more cautiously in order not to deprive himself of the establishment of a lime kiln” . On November 24, 1884, the Magistrate and Citizens' Committee of the City of Goldberg signed a contract with bricklayer Christoph Groth to build a lime kiln, a drying barn with storage spaces and a house with a courtyard and garden on the 300 square meter site next to the plant garden. In addition, the Lüschow meadows were used to exploit the lime deposit. The lime distillery employed five workers and was very successful. In 1887, 24 fires were carried out.
On June 5, 1897, the Goldberger Zeitung read: “ A few days ago the large excavator used to lift the raw lime sank at the Lüschower Kalkbrennerei. Attempts to get the dredger back over water have so far been unsuccessful. "
In 1900 a second furnace was built next to the old one and in the first half of 1900 the following fire dates were held: January 21, January 27, February 13, February 27, March 13, March 16. After 1904 the production of sand-lime bricks began . The Grand, a coarser sand , was fetched from the Davekuhle, a gravel pit north of the Lüschowsee. In 1906, 14,000 sand-lime bricks were manufactured.
When the lease period expired in 1909 after 25 years, the lime distillery and meadows were sold to the lime distiller Otto Drenkhahn in June 1909. The expert commission estimated the yard with the various buildings for lime production at 13,300 marks. An inn was now allowed to be operated on the property and there was small additional income from fishing in the associated waters.
The lime distillery was now called Lüschower Kalkwerke . In addition to sand-lime bricks, there was also ground carbonate of lime and quicklime for meadow fertilization. Production was stopped in the war year 1916.
nature
Area natural monument
The 1.45 hectare site on the edge of the old monastery path from Dobbertin to Lüschow is, with its typical character, an old Mecklenburg country path with species-rich layers of trees, shrubs and herbs that has become rare. These include the red oak, the common ash, sloe, black elder, hawthorn, the large-flowered mullein and the soft-haired hollow tooth.
The country route is already marked on old maps as a path with an accompanying avenue, which led in a direct extension from the Lindenstrasse of the Dobbertin monastery to Lüschow.
Natural monument
The turning oak with a trunk circumference of 5.35 meters stands on the slope of the Wendfeld , north of the old monastery road towards Schwinz. The dry remains of the old turning oak, which has now died, are now on a regrown, also stronger oak, the crown of which is severely narrowed by the surrounding beech forest. This turning oak (Quercus robur) is said to have belonged to an old Slavic court.
literature
- Friedrich-Wilhelm Borchert: Brick making history (s). Petrol 2011. 220 pp.
- Ernst Duge: Documentary news about Goldberg and the surrounding area. Gadebusch 1883. pp. 158-167.
- Franz Engel: German and Slavic influences in the Dobbertiner cultural landscape. Würzburg 1934. VII, 174 p. (Writings of the Geographical Institute of the University of Kiel; Volume II, Issue 3) p. 40.
- Ralf Koch: Securing natural monuments in the Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide nature park. Development of a concept. Woosten 2010 (unpublished master's thesis) 153 pp., Appendix B.
- Fred Ruchhöft : The development of the cultural landscape in the Goldberg-Plau area in the Middle Ages. Ed .: Kersten Krüger / Stefan Kroll , Rostocker Studien zur Regionalgeschichte, Volume 5, Rostock 2001, pp. 286,311, 315.
- Klaus Weidermann: In: On the history of forests, forests and settlements. Ed .: Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide Nature Park. Karow, 1999. (From culture and science; Issue 1) pp. 5–55.
- Ralf Berg: In: The farmers and forest workers' villages in the nature park and its surroundings. Ed .: Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide Nature Park. Karow, 2012. (From culture and science; Issue 7) Lüschow p. 105.
swell
Printed sources
- Mecklenburg record book (MUB)
Unprinted sources
-
State Main Archive Schwerin
- LHAS 1.5-4 / 3 documents Dobbertin monastery
- LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Provincial Monastery / Monastery Office Dobbertin
- Goldberg City Archives
- File 36, 429.
cards
- Directional survey map from the noble Dobbertin monastery office in 1759.
- Wiebeking map of Mecklenburg, 1786.
- Topographical, economic and military chart of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1788, Dobbertin monastery office with sand propsties from Count Schnettau.
- A chart of the possessions of the Dobbertin Monastery, Section I. 1822, contains Lüschow, made by SH Zebuhr based on the existing estate maps from 1822.
- Brouillion from the Dorffelde Dobbertin to the high nobility monastery Dobbertin on regulation Community Directorial Commission measured from 1771 by F. von See, reticified and drawn in 1824 by CH Stüdemann.
- Chart of the Dorffeldmark Dobbertin, measured by F. von See, divided and charted by HC Stüdemann in 1842/43, copied in 1868 by SH Zebuhr.
- Prussian state admission 1880, 1882. Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
- Economic map of the Dobbertin Forestry Office 1927/1928.
- Official cycling and hiking map of the Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide nature park, 2010.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ MUB I. (1863) 469.
- ↑ Klaus Weidermann: In: For forest, forest and settlement history. Ed.: Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide Nature Park. Karow, 1999. (From culture and science; Book 1) p. 18.
- ↑ LHAS 3.2-3 / 2 Landeskloster Dobbertin , No. 430 border regulation
- ^ Ernst Duge: Documentary news about Goldberg and the surrounding area. Gadebusch, 1883. pp. 158-167.
- ↑ Goldberg City Archives, File No. 429, Directory of Commercial Facilities 1884.
- ^ Eugen Greinitz: The Mecklenburg limestone camps. Communications from the Großherzoglich Mecklenburgische Landesanstalt , 1896.
- ↑ a b Goldberg City Archives, File No. 36, beginning of the lime distillery 1899-1910.
- ↑ Decision of the Lübz district council, No. 10 / IV / 90 of September 19, 1990
- ↑ Katja Haescher: Of trees and beam heads. Schweriner Volkszeitung, Mecklenburg-Magazin, March 19, 2012, p. 27.
- ↑ Decision of the Council of the District of Lübz No. 56/14/79 of July 4, 1979, ND No. 73