State Parliament of Bosnia and Herzegovina

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The Landtag of Bosnia and Herzegovina was the Landtag of the Ottoman territories of Bosnia and Herzegovina annexed by Austria-Hungary in 1908 from 1910 to 1915 .

Emergence

After the occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878 as a result of the Berlin Congress , no representative body was set up above the municipal level. Bosnia and Herzegovina only actually became part of Austria-Hungary , since the two areas de jure continued to belong to the Ottoman Empire .

With the proclamation to the Bosnian-Hercegovinian people on October 7, 1908, the emperor formally proclaimed the annexation . This proclamation announced the enactment of a constitution and the establishment of a state parliament.

After the settlement of the Bosnian annexation crisis and negotiations between the governments in Vienna and Budapest, the monarch enacted a state statute (the state constitution including the basic rights of the citizens), a state election code, on February 17, 1910 out of his own power (and without mentioning another state body as a proposer) , a state parliament rules of procedure, an association law, an assembly law and a law on district councils.

This very highest resolution was the basis for the election and activities of the state parliament. The organization of the Landtag was described in Sections 21 to 40 of the State Statute, and its competencies were described in Sections 41 to 49.

organization

According to Section 22, the state parliament consisted of 20 members with viril votes and 72 elected members. The highest dignitaries of the main denominations initially had virile votes. For the Muslims, these were the Reis-el-Ulema , the Vakuf-Mearif director, the Muftis of Sarajevo and Mostar, and the eldest Mufti by appointment. The Orthodox were represented by the Metropolitans of Dolnja-Tuzla , Sarajevo, Mostar and Banja Luka as well as the President of the Serbian Supreme Administrative and School Council. The archbishop of Sarajevo (1910–1915 Josef Stadler ), the bishops of Mostar (see Diocese of Mostar-Duvno ) and Banja Luka (see Diocese of Banja Luka ) and the Provincials of the Franciscan Order received the virile votes of the Catholics . In addition, the President of the Sarajevo Supreme Court , the President of the Sarajevo Bar, the Mayor of Sarajevo and the President of the Sarajevo Chamber of Commerce and Industry had a virile vote.

The election of the 72 exclusively male members of parliament took place in accordance with the state parliament election regulations issued by the monarch in 1910 by men in three curiae (as was also the case in the Austrian state parliaments) and separated according to religious affiliation.

Eighteen deputies were elected by the landowners' curia, 20 by the municipalities and 34 by the rural municipalities. Within the curia, the mandates of the religious groups corresponded to their share of the population. Eight Orthodox, six Muslims and 4 Catholics were represented in the first curia. In the other two Curiae, the Orthodox elected 23, the Muslims 18, the Catholics 12 and the Sephardi one representative.

The state parliament was elected from May 18 to 28, 1910. The constituent meeting took place on June 15th. The state parliament should "usually" be convened once a year (Section 26).

The Presidium of the Landtag consisted of the President and two deputies who were appointed by the Emperor from among the members of the Landtag. All three religious groups were represented in the presidium.

The state parliament had the legislative competence with regard to state legislation; the matters were listed in the state statute (§§ 41 and 42). He had the budget right. However, the state government was not elected by the state parliament, as was planned in Austria (see state committee ), but determined by the joint finance minister . Laws required the approval of the governments in Vienna and Budapest to be valid.

For the elected MPs see the list of members of the State Parliament of Bosnia and Herzegovina .

Legislative resolutions of the state parliament

In 1910, the state parliament passed only two laws, one of which authorized the state government to suspend the basic civil rights contained in the state statute for a specified period of time and for a specified part of the state. Between 1911 and 1914, the state parliament passed 12 to 20 laws, making a total of 65 laws during its term of office. After the state parliament was closed, the emperor enacted laws of his own authority based on the state statute.

End of the state parliament

The assassination attempt on June 28, 1914 had consequences for the state parliament. While the President of the State Parliament advocated the continuation of the State Parliament's work to the exclusion of the Serbian MPs, the State Government decided to provisionally close the 6th session of the State Parliament on July 9, 1914. At the request of the state government, the state parliament was finally dissolved with the highest resolution of February 6, 1915.

No new elections were held due to the war. With the dissolution of Austria-Hungary in 1918, the brief history of the Landtag also ended.

President

State Parliament President Safvet-beg Bašagić

literature

  • Valeria Heuberger: Political institutions and administration in Bosnia and Hercegovina 1878 to 1918. In: Adam Wandruszka , Peter Urbanitsch (ed.): The Habsburg Monarchy 1848–1918. Volume 7: Helmut Rumpler , Peter Urbanitsch (eds.): Constitution and parliamentarism. Volume 2: The regional representative bodies. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2000, ISBN 3-7001-2871-1 , pp. 2382–2425, here pp. 2415–2425.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Highest resolution of February 17, 1910 regarding the introduction of constitutional institutions , Law and Ordinance Gazette for Bosnia and Herzegovina No. 19/1910 (= p. 21 ff.)
  2. ↑ See the electronic representation of the German version of the Provincial Law Gazette on a website of the Austrian National Library