Tree frogs (genus)

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Tree frogs
European tree frog (Hyla arborea)

European tree frog ( Hyla arborea )

Systematics
Order : Frog (anura)
Subordination : Neobatrachia
without rank: Tree frogs (arboranae)
Family : Tree frogs i. w. S. (Hylidae)
Subfamily : Hylinae
Genre : Tree frogs
Scientific name
Hyla
Laurenti , 1768

The actual tree frogs ( Hyla ) are a genus of frogs from the family of the tree frogs i that is common in Eurasia . w. S. (Hylidae).

The representatives of the genus Hyla have morphological features such as a toothed upper jaw, webbed feet between the back toes, a freely movable, long tongue and, in particular, adhesive discs on the extremities that enable them to climb.

After a comprehensive revision of the systematics and taxonomy of the Hylidae family in 2005, only around 35 of the previously 300 species remain in the Hyla genus . After the genus Dryophytes was hived off in 2016, 17 species remained in the genus Hyla .

Systematics

Internal system

species

Hyla
European tree frog
Mediterranean Tree Frog , calling

As of August 9, 2019

Hyla melacaena was placed in the genus Bromeliohyla in 2018 and is now called Bromeliohyla melacaena (McCranie and Castañeda, 2006).

Dryophytes

In 2016 the genus Dryophytes was spun off. In this genus mainly North American and East Asian species of the genus Hyla were placed. The re-establishment of Dryophytes remains controversial, since the genus was only compiled for biogeographical considerations. However, molecular genetic studies have shown that there is a lot to be said for the monophyly of this group and that they have some physiological properties in common.

As of August 9, 2019

Whether Dryophytes suweonensis should be considered a separate species or should be synonymous with Dryophytes immaculatus is the subject of numerous studies, as is the synonymy between Dryophytes japonicus and Dryophytes ussuriensis . Hyla heinzsteinitzi is also a synonym of Dryophytes japonicus , the frog species was introduced in Israel.

etymology

Hylas and the Nymphs (1896) by John William Waterhouse

With the scientific name Hyla , the first describer Laurenti referred to Hylas (Gr. Ύλας), a figure in Greek mythology .

Hylas was a lover of Heracles . He was kidnapped by nymphs into their source pond and held underwater with his mouth closed so that he could not call for help to Heracles. After the disappearance of Hylas and the futile search for him, Heracles built a sanctuary whose entourage “Hyla! Hyla! Hyla! ”(The vocative ) shouted,“ so that the whole bank (with) 'Hyla! Hyla! ' echoed ”.

Laurentis' enigmatic final formulation : "Quam ob rem hæc quasi Hylæ sacerdos nomen ejusdem merita est.", In German probably: "Therefore, as the priestess of Hylas, she deserves the same name.", To justify the choice of name could mean that Hyla (now Feminine ) is, as it were, the priestess of her own name. However, the actual derivation of the name could never be clarified beyond doubt. In any case, it is undisputed that Laurenti refers to the incessant shouting, as it is also typical for the frog males of the genus Hyla when mating.

Further information

literature

  • Xia Hua, Cuizhang Fu, Jiatang Li, Adrian Nieto Montes de Oca, John J. Wiens: A Revised Phylogeny of Holarctic Treefrogs (Genus Hyla) Based on Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA Sequences . Herpetologica 65 (3) pp. 246-259. 2009 doi: 10.1655 / 08-058R1.1

Web links

Commons : Tree Frogs  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Faivovich, J .; Haddad, CFB; Garcia, PCA; Frost, DR; Campbell, YES; Wheeler, WC: Systematic review of the frog family Hylidae: Phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, Num. 294, pp. 1-240 PDF .
  2. ↑ Darrel R. Frost: Osteocephalus , Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. Electronic Database accessible at American Museum of Natural History, New York 1998-2019, accessed August 9, 2019.
  3. ↑ Christophe Dufresnes, Menad Beddekd, Dmitriy V. Skorinov, Luca Fumagalli, Nicolas Perrin, Pierre-André Crochet, Spartak N. Litvinchuk: Diversification and speciation in tree frogs from the Maghreb (Hyla meridionalis sensu lato), with description of a new African endemic. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, February 2019, doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2019.02.009
  4. ↑ a b J. Faivovich, MO Pereyra, MC Luna, A. Hertz, BL Blotto, CR Vásquez-Almazán, JR McCranie, DA Sánchez, D. Baêta, K. Araujo-Vieira, G. Köhler, B. Kubicki, JA Campbell, DR Frost, WC Wheeler & CFB Haddad: On the monophyly and relationships of several genera of Hylini (Anura: Hylidae: Hylinae), with comments on recent taxonomic changes in hylids. South American Journal of Herpetology, 13, pp. 1-32, 2018
  5. ^ William E. Duellman, AB Marion & S. Blair Hedges: Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae). Zootaxa, 4104, pp. 1–109, 2016
  6. ↑ a b Jia-Yong Zhang, Bryan E. Luu, Dan-Na Yu, Le-Ping Zhang, Rasha Al-attar & Kenneth B. Storey: The complete mitochondrial genome of Dryophytes versicolor: Phylogenetic relationship among Hylidae and mitochondrial protein-coding gene expression in response to freezing and anoxia. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 132, pp. 461-469, 2019
  7. ↑ a b c quote:

    “Hyla comes Herculis, ab eo in Bithinia perditus; sacris postea institutis, ut continuo clamaretur hyla! hyla! hyla! quasi ad eundem repetendum; ad cujus imitationem dixit V irgilius :
    Ut littus hyla hyla omne sonaret. Eccl.  VI. 44.
     
    Quam ob rem hæc quasi Hylæ sacerdos nomen ejusdem merita est. "

    “Hylas, companion of Hercules, lost by him in Bithynia; later a cult was established that continually “Hyla! Hyla! Hyla! ”Was called, as it were to bring him back. To imitate it, Virgil said:
    So that the whole bank (with) “Hyla! Hyla! ”Echoed.
      Eccl. VI. 44.
    That is why she deserves the same name as the priestess of Hylas. "

    - Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti : SPECIMEN MEDICUM, EXHIBENS SYNOPSIN REPTILIUM EMENDATAM CUM EXPERIMENTIS CIRCA VENENA ET ANTIDOTA REPTILIUM AUSTRIACORUM . Vienna 1768, p. 32–33 , footnotes (Latin, uni-goettingen.de [accessed on May 22, 2020]). (Full text download: uni-goettingen.de [PDF; 17.1 MB; accessed on May 22, 2020])

    To:

    “His adjungit, Hylan nautæ quo fonte relictum
    Clamâssent, ut littus, Hyla! Hyla! omne sonaret; "

    “He tells of the spring where Hylas was left behind and how the sailors called him
    so that the whole bank (with)“ Hyla! Hyla! "Echoed;"

    - Virgil : Eccl. VI. 43-44.

  8. ^ Charles W. Myers & Richard B. Stothers: The myth of Hylas revisited: the frog name _Hyla_ and other commentary on _Specimen medicum_ (1768) of JN Laurenti, the "father of herpetology" . In: Archives of Natural History . tape 33 , no. January 2 , 2008, ISSN  1755-6260 , p. 241–266 , doi : 10.3366 / anh.2006.33.2.241 (English): “a puzzling transfer of gender”
  9. ^ Ellin Beltz: Scientific and Common Names of the Reptiles and Amphibians of North America - Explained . Vienna 2006 (English, ebeltz.net [accessed on June 3, 2020]): “Gr [eek:] honors Hylas companion of Hercules - ref [erences] incessant cry”