Lembecksburg
| Lembecksburg | ||
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 Description of Lembecksburg by the LVF |
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| Creation time : | 10th to 11th centuries | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall, trench remains | |
| Place: | Borgsum | |
| Geographical location | 54 ° 42 '34.7 " N , 8 ° 27' 24.1" E | |
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The Lembecksburg is a defunct ring wall near the village of Borgsum on the North Frisian island of Föhr in Schleswig-Holstein .
investment
The ground monument is on the Geestrand and is circular; its diameter is around 95 meters. The height is given as eight to ten meters. The entrance is in the south of the district. In addition to the striking ramparts, the castle was protected by a swamp in the north and a moat , which is only partially preserved today. There was a palisade on the wall .
Excavations and dating
During excavations in the 1950s, ceramic shards from the Neolithic and Iron Age were found , an indication that people had lived on Föhr even before the Frisians , who took possession of the island in the 7th century. However, since most of the finds came from the time of the Vikings , the castle was on the 10th / 11th. Dated century. The excavations have so far only exposed such a small section of the fortifications that only sparse information can be given about the inner buildings and the wall construction. In Lembecksburg, at least four radially arranged simple sod wall houses have been discovered in one section, which were close to the foot of the wall and whose gable doors opened onto a paved path. The radial arrangement of the houses does not seem to have been common in all periods, although the edge of the castle, which is protected by the rampart, was probably built on from the beginning. The houses had wooden roofs. There was a well for water supply next to the houses.
Due to a new dating of the Archsumburg on Sylt , which was also regarded as medieval until the end of the 1970s, the prehistorian Gerhard Mildenberger suspected that the Lembecksburg with its radially arranged houses and the Sylt Tinnumburg might also have to be classified as Iron Age.
The recovered ceramics belong to the North Sea group. But " Pingsdorfware " was also salvaged as an import. The amount of finds is not extensive. The metal finds and objects made of other materials are atypical.
There is a typological connection between the shape of the castle and the regions of the southern North Sea coast. Perhaps the islands were part of Göttrik's empire, of which only the southern border at Danewerk can be seen. He will not have introduced any unknown castle shape to the islands. Systems of this type are not found in Denmark. In the 9th century there were political connections between the North Frisian coast and Friesland . The Fuldaer Annalen report that the Norman Rorik was at the same time a Carolingian fiefdom in Friesland and a Danish fiefdom in the country "between the Eider and the sea". The ramparts, like most of the Low German castles of the Middle Ages , did not develop into a settlement.
Origin of name
The name of the castle is said to go back to the knight Klaus Lembeck ( Danish : Claus Limbek ). He lived in the 14th century and was one of the main people in the opposition to King Waldemar IV of Denmark. An army of Waldemar allegedly besieged Lembeck in this castle. After the Frisians of Föhr and the other islands had joined the king, Lembeck was forced to flee. According to other sources, Klaus Lembeck, who lived in Törning Castle (Danish: Tørning) near Hadersleben (Danish: Haderslev ) and owned the Troyburg (Danish: Trøjborg) near Tondern , never set foot on Föhr.
literature
- Klaus Ebbesen: Sydslesvigske oldtidsminder . Grænseforeningen, Copenhagen 1987, ( Grænseforeningens årbog ), (Südschleswigsche Antiquities, Yearbook of the Border Association 1987).
- Karl Kersten , Peter La Baume: Prehistory of the North Frisian Islands . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1958, ( The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein 4), p. 583 ff.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Gerhard Mildenberger: Germanic castles . Aschendorff, Münster 1978, ISBN 3-402-05844-8 , p. 76 ( excerpt from Google Books ).