Leonhard Gruber

Leonhard Gruber , baptized Johann Baptist (born June 3, 1740 in Straubing ; † 1810 or 1811 in Vienna ), who called himself Abbé Gruber, was a brief professor of philosophy at the University of Salzburg .

biography

Johann Baptist Gruber entered the Benedictine monastery in Metten in Lower Bavaria , where he made his profession in 1758 and was given the religious name Leonhard. After being ordained a priest in 1763, he was initially a professor of philosophy in the monastery’s house studies (1764–1766) and from 1767 at the University of Salzburg . As early as 1768 he gave up the professorship in Salzburg again. In the same year he went to the University of Ingolstadt , where he studied astronomy with Caesarius Aman . The following year he traveled to Vienna to Maximilian Hell , director of the local university observatory .

In Vienna he decided to leave the Benedictine order and converted to the world priesthood with papal dispensation . From then on he called himself Abbé Gruber. In 1770 he accepted the position of private tutor with Count von Bergen in Vienna. In 1774 he became a teacher at the normal schools for natural morality and religion in Vienna. In the same year, he turned down the appointment as director of the observatory in Bogenhausen .

In 1775 he left Vienna and went to Nuremberg , Munich (1776), Hanau (1777) and finally Berlin (1781) before returning to Vienna in 1787. Here he was last director of the secondary schools. From 1766 he was a full member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .

Leonhard Gruber was friends with the writer and publisher Friedrich Nicolai and the Basel philosopher Isaak Iselin .

Works

• Veritatis ac novitatis philos.epitome aphoristico-methodica , Regensburg 1766.
• Philosophia elementaris systematica usibus academicis accomodata. Pars prima , Salzburg 1767.
• Positiones eenchticae ex prima et secunda parte logices systematicae elementaris, quibus praemissa est dissertatio exponens analogiam inter logicen et mathesin puram substantiam , Salzburg 1768.
• Positiones elenchticae ex ontologia et cosmologia , Salzburg 1768.
• Positiones elenchticae ex psycologia , Salzburg 1768.
• School writings for the German secondary schools in the kk hereditary lands , Vienna 1774.
• Beginnings of arithmetic and algebra for use in the schools of the churbair. Landen , Munich 1776.
• The beginnings of geometry and trigonometry , Munich 1776.
• The beginnings of the theory of nature , Munich 1776.
• Principles of the most necessary pedagogical knowledge for fathers, teachers and court masters from j [ohann] G [ruber] M [athematikus] , published by Iselin, Basel.
• Preparatory letter writing exercises for young people , Berlin 1782.
• Several essays on astronomy in the treatises of the Kurdish Academy of Sciences in Munich.

literature

• Klemens Alois Baader , The learned Bavaria, Vol. 1 , 1804.
• Wilhelm Fink, History of the Development of the Benedictine Abbey of Metten . Vol. 1: The Book of Professions of the Abbey (studies and communications on the history of the Benedictine order and its branches. Supplementary booklet 1,1), Munich 1927, 48f.
• Johann C. Poggendorff, biographical-literary concise dictionary for the history of the exact sciences: containing evidence of the living conditions and achievements of mathematicians, astronomers, physicists, chemists, mineralogists, geologists, etc. of all peoples and times, Vol. 1 , Leipzig 1863.
• Judas Thaddäus Zauner , directory of all academic professors in Salzburg , 1813.