Lepidobotryaceae
| Lepidobotryaceae | ||||||||||||
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Lepidobotrys staudtii , illustration |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Lepidobotryaceae | ||||||||||||
| J.Léonard |
The Lepidobotryaceae are a family in the order of the spindle tree-like (Celastrales) within the flowering plants (Magnoliopsida). It has a disjoint area in the Neotropic and West Africa with only two species .
description
The two species of Lepidobotryaceae are shrubs or trees . The alternate leaves are arranged in two rows and are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. In the basic structure, the leaf blades are composed (but only consist of one leaf), but seem simple and have smooth leaf margins. The stomata are paracytic. In contrast to the majority of the taxa in the order, stipules are present here , they are quite long and fused with the petiole.
The flowers are in terminal, but apparently opposite the leaves, short (cone- like ) racemose inflorescences together. There are bracts . The plants are dioecious separately sexed ( diocesan ). The small, unisexual, radial symmetry flowers are five-fold. The five sepals are fused at the base. There are five free petals . Sepals and petals are similar in size. In the male flowers two circles, each with five more or less far fused to the base, fertile ( fertile ) stamens present, the stamens of the inner circle are considerably shorter than the outer ones. There are nectaries on the inner surface of the stamen. There is a meaty discus present. In the female flowers are three carpels to a top permanent ovary grown and they have three pens, each with a capitate stigma.
They form two to three-lobed capsule fruits that contain only one seed. The seeds have an aril .
Systematics and distribution
The Lepidobotryaceae family was established in 1950 by Jean Joseph Gustave Léonard in Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l'État 20, p. 38. Type genus is Lepidobotrys Engl.
The Lepidobotryaceae family includes only two monotypical genera , i.e. only two species. (Some authors also write of a third type.) They have a disjoint area .
The position of these species was discussed controversially for a long time. They were classified into the Linaceae (Engler 1903), Oxalidaceae (Hutchinson 1973, Cronquist 1981), Oxalidales (only Lepidobotrys Takhtajan 1997), Meliaceae (only Ruptiliocarpon Takhtajan 1997), Euphorbiaceae or Sapindales (Hammel & Zamora 1993, Tobe & Hammel . The phylogenetic analyzes of the 21st century have shown that the Lepidobotryaceae are a sister family of the Celastraceae and together today form the order of the Celastrales .
The two monotypical genera of the Lepidobotryaceae family with their two species and areas of distribution are:
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Lepidobotrys
Engl .:
- Lepidobotrys staudtii Engl .: This species is native to tropical West Africa .
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Ruptiliocarpon Mutton & N.Zamora :
- Ruptiliocarpon caracolito Mutton & N.Zamora : This species is native to another disjoint area in Central and Northern South America .
swell
- Description of the family of lepidobotryaceae in APWebsite. (Section description and systematics)
- Li-Bing Zhang & Mark P. Simmons: Phylogeny and Delimitation of the Celastrales Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid Genes , In: Systematic Botany , 31 (1), 2006, pp. 122-137. doi: 10.1600 / 036364406775971778
- Description of the Lepidobotryaceae family s.str. with only Lepidobotrys staudtii at DELTA by L. Watson & MJ Dallwitz. (engl.)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry in Tropicos .
- ↑ Lepidobotryaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
