Liber Pontificalis

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The Liber Pontificalis ( Latin for Pontifical book is) a chronological collection of biographies of popes .

history

The first edition of the Liber Pontificalis was created around 530 when a stranger increased the " Liberian Catalog ", a papal directory reaching up to Liberius (352–366), and extended it to Felix III. (526-530) continued. The work can be found in extracts in the Felicianischen and Kononischen catalogs. In the latter, the history of the Pope continued until Konon († 687).

The Liber Pontificalis was led in the scriptorium of the Lateran since the 6th century . Its first part was completed in the 9th century and is almost completely preserved. For a long time Anastasius Bibliothecarius , the former antipope of Anastasius III, was believed to be the author of Liber; in fact, not even the reports on popes of the second half of the 9th century probably come from him. The Liber Pontificalis was updated in several stages in the 6th century and more or less regularly updated after the death of a Pope from the 7th century. The older text breaks off in the 9th century with the pontificate of Stephen V (Pope) . A re-editing of the book began in the 12th century by Cardinal Boso. This was followed by incomplete sequels in the Annales Romani and by Martinus Polonus and Bernardus Guidonis . The Liber Pontificalis as a report of the Popes' actions became the model for other Gesta .

The Vitschreiber probably had lists from the vestiarium des Laterans, from which these foundations of the respective popes took, since the prior vestiarii was responsible for the buildings in the patrimony .

The Liber Pontificalis stands in the same hagiographic tradition as the Gesta Martyrum and in its earlier vitae provides information about the self-view of Christianity and the veneration of saints in late antiquity . From the beginning of the 8th century, the vites in the Liber Pontificalis took on increasingly individual traits. In addition, its reception history began as early as the beginning of the 8th century: The first known quote is from Beda Venerabilis , who reported from the Vita of Gregory II . This means that the lives of the respective popes were written successively, and were constantly updated and published. The Liber Pontificalis was also sent as an “officious” book by the Popes, for example by Leo III. between 800 and 814 to Charlemagne .

The authoritative edition by Louis Duchesne (2 volumes 1886/1892, 3rd volume edited by Cyrille Vogel 1957) includes the later editors, additions and continuations of Martinus Polonus to Martin V († 1431).

expenditure

  • Theodor Mommsen (Ed.): Gesta pontificum Romanorum: Liber Pontificalis. Part 1. Hannover 1898 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version )
  • Louis Duchesne : Le Liber pontificalis. Texts, introduction and commentary. Volume 1-2. Thorin, Paris 1886–92 ( Bibliothèque des Écoles Françaises d'Athènes et de Rome. Sér. 2, T. 3, 1–2) ( full text vol. 1 ), ( full text vol. 2 ) (reprint: de Boccard, Paris 1955); Volume 3: Cyrille Vogel (Ed.): Additions et corrections de Mgr. L. Duchesne, avec l'histoire du Liber pontificalis depuis l'édition de L. Duchesne, une bibliographie et des tables général. de Boccard, Paris 1957.

English translation

  • Raymond Davis: The Book of Pontiffs (Liber Pontificalis). The ancient biographies of the first ninety Roman bishops to AD 715. Revised 2nd edition. Liverpool University Press, Liverpool 2000, ISBN 0-85323-545-7 ( Translated Texts for Historians 6).
  • Raymond Davis: The Lives of Eighth-Century Popes (Liber Pontificalis). The Ancient Biographies of nine Popes from AD 715 to AD 817. Liverpool University Press, Liverpool 2007, ISBN 978-1-84631-154-3 ( Translated Texts for Historians 13).
  • Raymond Davis: The Lives of Ninth-Century Popes (Liber Pontificalis). The Ancient Biographies of ten Popes from AD 817-891. Liverpool University Press, Liverpool 1995, ISBN 0-85323-479-5 ( Translated Texts for Historians 20).

literature

  • Girolamo Arnaldi : Come nacque la attribuzione ad Anastasio del Liber Pontificalis , in: Bullettino dell'Istituto Storico Italiano per il Medio Evo e Archivio Muratoriano, 75 (1963), pp. 321-343.
  • Franz Alto Bauer: The image of the city of Rome in the early Middle Ages. Papal foundations in the mirror of the Liber Pontificalis from Gregory the Third to Leo the Third. Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-89500-437-5 .
  • François Bougard: Anastase le Bibliothécaire ou Jean Diacre? Qui a réécrit la Vie de Nicolas Ier et pourquoi , in: Jean-Marie Martin / Bernadette Martin-Hisard / Agostino Paravicini Bagliani (eds.): Vaticana et medievalia. Études en l'honneur de Louis Duval-Arnould ( Millennio Medievale 71, Strumenti e Studi 14 , Florence 2008), pp. 27-40.
  • Herman Geertman (Ed.): Atti del Colloquio Internazionale Il Liber Pontificalis e la Storia Materiale. Roma, February 21-22 2002. Van Gorcum, Assen 2003, ISBN 90-232-3969-5 ( Mededelingen van het Nederlands Instituut te Rome 60/61, 2001/02).
  • Klaus Herbers : On early medieval descriptions of persons in the Liber Pontificalis and in Roman hagiographic texts , in: Johannes Laudage (Ed.): Of facts and fictions. Medieval histories and their critical appraisal (Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2003), pp. 165–191.
  • Adolf Jülicher : Catalogus Felicianus . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume III, 2, Stuttgart 1899, Sp. 1784.
  • Adolf Jülicher : Catalogus Liberianus . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume III, 2, Stuttgart 1899, Sp. 1784.
  • Thomas FX Noble: A new Look at the Liber Pontificalis , in: Archivum historiae pontificiae , 23 (1985), pp. 347-358.
  • Hans Lietzmann : Liber pontificalis . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume XIII, 1, Stuttgart 1926, Col. 76-81.
  • Matthias Simperl: A Gallic Liber Pontificalis? Notes on the history of the text and transmission of the so-called Catalogus Felicianus. In: Roman quarterly for Christian antiquity and church history . Volume 111/2, 2016, pp. 272-287.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ For further information, see for example: Girolamo Arnaldi , Come nacque la attribuzione ad Anastasio del Liber Pontificalis, in: Bullettino dell'Istituto Storico Italiano per il Medio Evo e Archivio Muratoriano, 75 (1963), pp. 321–343 and François Bougard , Anastase le Bibliothécaire ou Jean Diacre? Qui a réécrit la Vie de Nicolas Ier et pourquoi, in: Vaticana et medievalia. Études en l'honneur de Louis Duval-Arnould, ed. Jean-Marie Martin / Bernadette Martin-Hisard / Agostino Paravicini Bagliani (Millennio Medievale 71, Strumenti e Studi 14, Florence 2008), pp. 27-40.