Ligeophila

Ligeophila
	Ligeophila stigmatoptera
Systematics
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily :	Orchidoideae
Tribe :	Cranichideae
Sub tribus :	Goodyerinae
Genre :	Ligeophila
Scientific name
	Ligeophila
	Garay

Ligeophila is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It consists of 12 types of herbaceous plants that are native to tropical America.

description

The species of the genus Ligeophila form a rhizome that is rooted at the nodes . The roots are fleshy and hairy. The rhizome continues ascending as a leafy shoot. The leaves are lanceolate to oval in shape, the leaf base includes the shoot.

The terminal, racemose inflorescence usually bears many, closely spaced flowers . The inflorescence axis is glabrous or hairy and is surrounded by a few bracts . The bracts are about as long as ovary and the short flower stalk together. The flowers are resupinated , the petals are free. The three sepals are roughly the same shape and size, hairy on the outside. The lateral petals lie close to the upper petal and form a tube or hood. The lip forms a spur at the base. The lip is divided into two parts: the basal part, the hypochil, is slightly bowl-shaped, the front part, the epichil, is bilobed and spread out. On the hypochil, in front of the entrance to the spur, there are two longitudinal, fleshy lamellae. The stamen contains two club-shaped pollinia , which are connected to the large adhesive disc (Viscidium) via stalks (caudiculae). The scar consists of two separate surfaces. The dividing tissue between the stigma and the stamen (rostellum) is large, triangular, bilobed at the tip. It is articulated and held by the stalks of the pollinia so that the stigma is hidden. If the pollinia are removed, the rostellum folds up and reveals the scar surfaces.

Occurrence

Ligeophila is common in tropical America. In the north Mexico is still settled, in the south the area extends to Paraguay and northern Argentina. The species grow in the humus layer of moist forests up to an altitude of 600 meters.

Systematics and botanical history

Ligeophila is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Goodyerinae . According to Dressler, this can be further divided into two groups; Ligeophila stands together with the majority of the genera that do not have two clearly separated scar surfaces, in contrast to the description of Ormerod and Cribb, according to which the scar surfaces are clearly separated.

The genus Ligeophila was established in 1977 by Leslie Garay . The species had previously been included in the genus Erythrodes . He chose Ligeophila stigmatoptera as the type species . The name is made up of the Greek components λυγαῖος lyge , "shadow", and φίλος philo , "-loving"; it relates to the preferred locations of the plants. According to R. Govaerts, all species of the genus are now included in the genus Aspidogyne Garay .

12 species were counted to Ligeophila :

Ligeophila amazonica Garay (Syn .: Aspidogyne amazonica (Garay) Meneguzzo ): Venezuela.
Ligeophila bicornuta (Cogn.) Garay (Syn .: Aspidogyne bicornuta (Cogn.) Meneguzzo ): Northern Brazil.
Ligeophila clavigera (Rchb.f.) Garay (Syn .: Aspidogyne clavigera (Rchb.f.) Meneguzzo ): Southern Mexico to tropical South America. There are two varieties.
Ligeophila jamesonii Garay (Syn .: Aspidogyne jamesonii (Garay) Meneguzzo ): Colombia to Ecuador.
Ligeophila juruenensis (Hoehne) Garay (Syn .: Aspidogyne juruenensis (Hoehne) Meneguzzo ): Tropical South America to Argentina.
Ligeophila longibracteata Soroka (Syn .: Aspidogyne longibracteata (Soroka) Ormerod ): Ecuador.
Ligeophila lutea Garay (Syn .: Aspidogyne lutea (Garay) Meneguzzo ): Ecuador.
Ligeophila macarenae Ormerod (Syn .: Aspidogyne macarenae (Ormerod) Meneguzzo ): Colombia.
Ligeophila peteriana (Cogn.) Garay (Syn .: Aspidogyne peteriana (Cogn.) Meneguzzo ): Southeastern Colombia, Guiana, Suriname and French Guiana.
Ligeophila rosea (Lindl.) Garay (Syn .: Aspidogyne rosea (Lindl.) Meneguzzo ): Western South America and Brazil to northeastern Argentina.
Ligeophila stigmatoptera (Rchb.f.) Garay (Syn .: Aspidogyne stigmatoptera (Rchb.f.) Meneguzzo ): Tropical South America.
Ligeophila umbraticola Garay (Syn .: Aspidogyne umbraticola (Garay) Meneguzzo ): Southeastern Colombia to Bolivia.

literature

Leslie A. Garay: 225 (1). Orchidaceae (Cypripedioideae, Orchidoideae and Neottioideae) . In: Gunnar Harling, Benkt Sparre (ed.): Flora of Ecuador . tape 9 , 1978, ISSN 0347-8742 , p. 273 .
Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3 , part 2. Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 72-74 .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Paul Ormerod, Phillip Cribb: Ligeophila . In: Genera Orchidacearum , Vol. 3, Part 2, pp. 114-116.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Ligeophila. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 13, 2018.
^ Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 118 .

Further information

List of orchid genera

Web links

Commons : Aspidogyne - collection of images, videos and audio files

[OrmerodCribb2003-1] Paul Ormerod, Phillip Cribb: Ligeophila . In: Genera Orchidacearum , Vol. 3, Part 2, pp. 114-116.

[WCSP-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Ligeophila. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 13, 2018.

[Dressler1993-3] Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 118 .