Erythrodes

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Erythrodes
Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Orchidoideae
Tribe : Cranichideae
Sub tribus : Goodyerinae
Genre : Erythrodes
Scientific name
Erythrodes
flower

Erythrodes is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It consists of about 26 types of herbaceous plants that are native to tropical Southeast Asia.

description

The species of the genus Erythrodes form a creeping rhizome that is rooted at the nodes . The rising shoots carry the leaves evenly distributed or in a loose rosette, roughly in the lower half of the upright shoot. The green or red-brown, somewhat fleshy leaves are broad to narrowly oval in shape, often somewhat asymmetrical, with a short stalk. The tubular leaf base includes the shoot.

The stem axis continues above the leaves as a multi-flowered, racemose inflorescence . The inflorescence axis is hairy and is surrounded by a few bracts . The bracts are at least as long as ovary and the short peduncle together. The ovary is hairy and twisted. The flowers are resupinated , the petals are free. The three sepals are roughly the same shape and size, hairy on the outside. The lateral sepals are spread apart, the upper sepal forms a tube with the lateral petals attached to it . The lateral petals are narrow spatulate to rhombic. The lip forms a long spur at the base, which in some species has two lobes at the end. The lip is divided into two parts: the basal part, the hypochil, is bowl-shaped or U-shaped in cross section; the front part, the epichil, is bent back downwards. The column is elongated and becomes narrower towards the front. The stamen contains two club-shaped pollinia , each of which is connected to the adhesive disc (Viscidium) by a small stalk. The stigma consists of an undivided area that lies beneath the separating tissue between the stigma and the stamen (rostellum). The rostellum is triangular with a two-part tip. The capsule fruit is spindle-shaped.

Occurrence

Erythrodes is common in tropical Southeast Asia. From China, the distribution extends over back India , the Indonesian and Philippine islands to New Guinea and other islands in the Pacific. The species grow in the humus layer of moist forests, occasionally also epiphytically . They occur at altitudes up to 1600 meters.

Systematics and botanical history

Erythrodes is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Goodyerinae . According to Dressler, this can be further divided into two groups; Erythrodes stands together with the majority of the genera that do not have two clearly separated areas of scarring. A similar genus is the Microchilus , which is widespread in South America .

The genus Erythrodes was established by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1825 . Type species is Erythrodes latifolia . The name Erythrodes is derived from the Greek erythros , "red", and refers to the red-brown inflorescence.

26 species are counted to Erythrodes :

See also

literature

  • Jim B. Comber: Orchids of Java . Bentham-Moxon Trust, Kew 1990, ISBN 0-947643-21-4 , pp. 26-27 .
  • Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3/2 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 85-89 .
  • Orchidaceae (Draft) . In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, DY Hong (eds.): Flora of China . tape 25 . Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 1994.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 118 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Erythrodes. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 27, 2020.