List of bells in Notre-Dame de Paris
This is a list of the bells in the Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral .
Bells
The history of the church bells of Notre-Dame dates back to the 12th century. Immediately before the beginning of the French Revolution (as of 1769) the cathedral had a total of 20 bells: eight bells in the north tower, two large bells ( Bourdons ) in the south tower, seven bells in the crossing tower, and three other bells on the transept , which served as clock bells . In 1791 and 1792 a large part of the bells of the two towers fell victim to the revolution, especially the second Bourdon "Marie". In 1856 the north tower was fitted with four new bells.
Grand Bourdon "Emmanuel"
In the south tower hangs the Emmanuel bell with an estimated weight of 13 tons, which is praised as the most melodious bell in France. The “Grand Bourdon” was re-cast in 1685 by the three Lorraine traveling founders Chapelle, Gillot and Moreau, and was the only bell to survive the turmoil of the times, especially the French Revolution, unscathed. This bell of the lowest pitch of the chimes of Notre-Dame only rings on the highest holidays such as Easter, Christmas and Pentecost as well as on the death of the Pope and on special occasions.
Bells until 2012
Up until 2012, Notre Dame's chiming consisted of five bells. The Grand Bourdon was complemented by four bells from 1856, which were cast by the Fonderie Guillaume-Besson and hung in the north tower. These four bells were intended to ring at mass on Sundays and weekdays, to ring the angel at 8, 12 and 7 p.m. and to strike the clock; to Denise David struck the hours.
|
No. |
Surname |
Casting year |
Foundry, casting location |
Mass (kg) |
Percussive ( HT - 1 / 16 ) |
tower |
|
| 2 |  |
Angélique Françoise | 1856 | Fonderie Guillaume-Besson, Angers | 1,765 | cis 1 | North |
| 3 |  |
Antoinette Charlotte | 1,158 | dis 1 | |||
| 4th |  |
Hyacinte Jeanne | 813 | ice 1 | |||
| 5 |  |
Denise David | 670 | f sharp 1 |
After it became known in October 2011 that the peal of Notre-Dame was to be expanded to a total of ten bells by 2013 in the course of the restoration, in order to adapt the overall peal to the importance of the cathedral and the liturgical necessities, the four historic north tower bells became removed from the north tower on February 20, 2012. The reason given for this was the poor quality of the metal used in the bells from 1856, their poor acoustic quality and the lack of acoustic coordination between the historical bells.
The original plan was to melt down the four historic bells. The responsible (upper) monument authority had approved this. Due to nationwide protest in the population, the bells were initially confiscated on November 8, 2012 by a court order. Since February 18, 2014, they have been set up inside the fence in the outside area of the choir facing the Rue de Cloître .
Bells since 2013
A 10-part bell has been hanging in the two west towers of Notre-Dame since 2013, based on the state before the beginning of the revolution. The sound foundation is the Grand Bourdon Emmanuel in the south tower.
To relieve the Grand Bourdon , another Bourdon was hung in the south tower. This so-called petit bourdon was cast by the Eijsbouts bell foundry ( Asten , Netherlands). It is named Marie , in honor of the Virgin Mary, the Mother of God, who is also the patroness of Notre-Dame Cathedral and the Archdiocese of Paris . The name is also reminiscent of the name of the first petit bourdon from 1378, which went down in 1792.
A total of eight new bells were hung in the north tower, all of which were cast by the Cornille-Havard bell foundry ( Villedieu-les-Poêles , Department of Manche). The names of the new bells have been selected with a view to important saints or persons in the history of the diocese; the smallest bell commemorates Cardinal Jean-Marie Lustiger , the 139th Archbishop of Paris (1981–2005), another bell was named "Benoît-Joseph" in honor of Pope Benedict XVI. (French: Benoît), Joseph Ratzinger. In August and September 2012, the bells Marcel and Étienne as well as Denis, Maurice and Jean-Marie were cast.
The bells were consecrated on February 2, 2013 by the Archbishop of Paris, André Vingt-Trois . They rang for the first time on the eve of Palm Sunday , March 23, 2013 at 5:00 p.m.
|
No. |
Audio |
Surname |
Casting year |
Foundry, casting location |
Mass (kg) |
Ø (mm) |
Chime |
Remarks |
tower |
|
| 1 |  |
Emmanuel | 1685 | Lorraine traveling caster, Paris | ≈13,000 | 2,620 | f sharp 0 | So-called. Grand bourdon ; The middle name is Marie-Thérèse , as Queen Marie Therese , the wife of Louis XIV, took over the sponsorship of the bell. | south | |
| 2 |  |
Marie | 2012 | Royal Eijsbouts, Asten | 6,023 | 2,065 | g sharp 0 | So-called. Petit Bourdon , in honor of the Virgin Mary ; Name of the first "Petit Bourdon" from 1378, sunk in 1792 | ||
| 3 |  |
Gabriel | Cornille-Havard, Villedieu-les-Poêles | 4.162 | 1,828 | ais 0 | In honor of the Archangel Gabriel ; the largest bell in the north tower already bore this name in the 15th century | North | ||
| 4th | .jpg){kind=small} |
Anne-Geneviève | 3,477 | 1,725 | h 0 | In honor of St. Anne , mother of the Virgin Mary, and St. Geneviève , patroness of the city of Paris | ||||
| 5 |  |
Denis | 2,502 | 1,536 | cis 1 | In honor of St. Dionysius of Paris , around 250, first bishop of Paris, patron of the diocese | ||||
| 6th |  |
Marcel | 1.925 | 1,393 | dis 1 | In honor of Saint Marcellus of Paris , ninth Bishop of Paris (late 4th century) | ||||
| 7th |  |
Etienne | 1,494 | 1,267 | ice 1 | In honor of St. Stephen (first martyr). At the same time the name of the predecessor basilica of Notre-Dame, built from 690 onwards | ||||
| 8th |  |
Benoît-Joseph | 1,309 | 1,207 | f sharp 1 | In honor of the meanwhile emeritus Pope Benedict XVI. (French: Benoît) - Joseph Ratzinger. | ||||
| 9 | _1.jpg){kind=small} |
Maurice | 1.011 | 1,097 | g sharp 1 | In memory of Maurice de Sully , 72nd Bishop of Paris (1160–1196), during whose tenure the construction of the cathedral began | ||||
| 10 |  |
Jean-Marie | 782 | 997 | as 1 | In memory of Cardinal Jean-Marie Lustiger , the 139th Archbishop of Paris (1981-2005) |
More bells
Until 2019, three small bells from 1867 hung in the Vierungsturm. They had the chimes g 1 , b 1 and d 2 (the latter was called "Kapitelglocke"). Since 2012, they have no longer been rung swinging, but struck electronically by hammer hammers.
In addition, there were three small clock bells in the attic of Notre Dame, which could only be heard in the interior of Notre Dame. These were bowl bells with the striking notes a 2 , c sharp 3 and d 3 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information on the history of the bells ( Memento of the original from July 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ↑ full of bells at Easter, beginning with Emmanuel (10:02) on YouTube .
- ↑ a b bell project ( memento of the original from June 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French).
- ↑ News from the bell project of the Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral .
- ↑ New bells for the Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral .
- ↑ The struggle to preserve the historic bells of Notre Dame de Paris .
- ↑ Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-Paris: Retour des anciennes cloches de la tour nord .
- ↑ Accueil - Notre Dame de Paris . Archived from the original on May 28, 2013. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 6, 2013.
- ↑ Simulation of the new bells ( memento of the original from November 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (MP3; 5.4 MB).
- ↑ Information on the Cornille-Havard bell foundry website ( Memento of the original from April 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.tagesschau.de (March 23, 2013) ( Memento from March 25, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Sonnerie des 8 cloches et des 2 bourdons de Notre Dame de Paris on YouTube .
