List of the kings of the Kassite Empire in Babylonia

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The kings of the Kassites and the Kassite Empire in Babylonia (around 1670–1154 BC)

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The only sources for the early Kassite rulers are the Babylonian King List A and the Assyrian Synchronist King List . They mostly, but not always, agree and likely go back to a common source. According to King List A, the Kassites ruled for 576 years. The end of their rule is reported by Brinkman to 1155 BC. The first ruler would be 1730/29 BC. Came to power. Weidner took a date from 1761 BC. Chr.

The chronology of the Kassite period is largely based on synchronisms with the Assyrian rulers. From the Amarna letters , the simultaneity of Kadashman-Enlil I. with Amenophis III. and occupied by Burna-Buriasch II with Amenhotep IV and Tutankhamun . The list of kings A indicates the duration of the Kassite rule as 576 years and 9 months and mentions 36 kings, whose names have not all survived due to damage. There are also Assyrian traditions, but they do not always agree with the Babylonian list. It is often believed that the early rulers were not kings of Babylon, just the ancestors of later rulers. Cassite rulers according to List A

  1. Gandaš
  2. Agum Mahru
  3. Kaštilias
  4. … Ši Ašu
  5. Rattaš
  6. Urzigurumaš (Tazzigurumaš, Tassigurumaš)

The next rulers are completely or partially missing, only the last ten kings have been handed down again.

The synchronistic king list has the names of the first 13 rulers, but the name of the eleventh has been destroyed and that of the thirteenth is damaged. Only the synchronistic list A reports the names of the rulers between Urzigurumaš and Kara-indaš , but the number of rulers is unclear.

According to new finds from Tell Muhammad (layers II and III), the names of two kings after Urzigurumaš can be reconstructed: Ḫurbazum and Šiptaʾulzi .

It is only from Agum mahru that it is definitely proven that he was king of Babylon.

Kassite kings before the conquest of Babylonia

king Reign Remarks
1. Gandaš around 1670 BC Chr. 16 years
2. Agum I. Maḫrû Son of 1 .; 22 years
3. Kaštiliaš I. 22nd years
4. (?) Ušši (?)
4th / 5th Abī-Rattaš
5. (?) Kaštiliaš II. perhaps brother of Abī-Rattaš
6th Urzigurumaš
7th Ḫarbe-Šipak or Ḫurbazum
8th. Tiptakzi or Šiptaʾulzi

First Kassite Dynasty (traditionally counted as the Third Dynasty of Babylon)

king Reign Remarks
9. Agum II. Kakrime 1594-1571 BC Chr. 22 years
10. Burna-buriaš I. 1570–
11-14 Ulam-buriaš
12. Kaštiliaš III. Government data are missing
13. (?) Agum III. around 1450 BC Chr.
15th Kara-indaš around 1430 BC Chr.
16. Kadašman Ḫarbe I.
17. (?) Kuri-galzu I. around 1390 BC Chr.
18. (?) Kadašman-Enlil I. 1373-1360 BC Chr. 15 years
19th Burna-buriaš II. 1359-1335 BC Chr. 27 years; 36th year of Amenhotep III.
20th Kara-Hardaš 1333 BC Chr.
21st Nazi Bugaš 1333 BC Chr.
22nd Kuri-galzu II. 1332-1308 BC Chr. 25 years
23. Nazi Maruttaš 1307-1282 BC Chr. 26 years
24. Kadašman-Turgu 1281-1264 BC Chr. 18 years
25th Kadašman-Enlil II. 1263-1255 BC Chr. 9 years; 16th year of Ramses II.
26th Kudur-Enlil I. 1254-1246 Son of 25.
27. Šagarakti-šuriaš 1245-1233 BC Chr. 13 years; Son of 26.
28. Kaštiliaš IV. 1232-1225 BC Chr. 8 years; Son of 27.

Second Kassite dynasty (traditionally also counted as the Third Dynasty of Babylon)

king Reign Remarks
29 Enlil-nādin-šumi 1224 BC Chr. 1 year
30th Kadašman Ḫarbe II. 1223 BC Chr. 1 year
31. Adad-šuma-iddina 1222-1217 BC Chr. 6 years
32. Adad-šuma-uṣur 1216-1187 BC Chr. Son of 28.
33. Meli-Sipak 1186-1172 BC Chr. 15 years; Son of 32.
34. Marduk-apla-iddina I. 1171-1159 BC Chr. 13 years, son of 33.
35. Zababa-šuma-iddina 1158 BC Chr. 1 year
36. Enlil-nādin-aḫi 1157-1155 BC Chr. 3 years

1155 BC Disempowered by the 2nd dynasty of Isin (4th dynasty of Babylon) .

See also

List of the kings of Babylonia
Dynastic Chronicle (ABC 18)
Chronicle of the Early Kings (ABC 20)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ EF Weidner, The Great King List from Assur . Archive for Orient Research 3, 1926, 70 f.
  2. ↑ Johannes Boese : "Ḫarbašipak", "Tiptakzi" and the chronology of the older Kassite period. In: Journal of Assyriology and Near Eastern Archeology. 98, 2008, 201-210
  3. ↑ Albrecht Goetze, The Kassites and near Eastern Chronology . Journal of Cuneiform Studies 18/4, 1964, 97