List of Venetian regiments of the early modern period

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The army of the Republic of Venice consisted of mercenaries at the beginning of the early modern period . Because of the ongoing Turkish wars and the raids on the Venetian colonies in the Adriatic , it was decided around 1500 to set up a militia in Dalmatia , which was called cranide . In 1593 this system was extended to Terraferma and Istria under the name cernide .

At the end of the 17th century, the standing army began to be built up under Doge Francesco Morosini . It was reformed by Johann Matthias von der Schulenburg , who had served the Serenissima since 1715 .

List of regiments

Flag of the Republic of Venice

The following regiments (in battalion strength ) existed until the end of the republic in 1797. The numbering of the infantry regiments was introduced in 1788. The names of the last chiefs of the regiment are given in brackets.

  • Veneto Reàl Infantry Regiment from 1685 (Giulio Alberti)
  • Infantry Regiment II (Mario Alberti)
  • Infantry Regiment III (Giovanni Marin Conti)
  • Infantry Regiment IV (Francesco Guidi)
  • Infantry Regiment V (Teodoro Volo)
  • Infantry Regiment VI (Giambattista Galli)
  • VII Infantry Regiment (Carlo de Lodoli)
  • Infantry Regiment VIII (Andrea Pacmor)
  • IX Infantry Regiment (Marin Conti)
  • X Infantry Regiment (Francesco Covi)
  • XI Infantry Regiment (Andrea Toffoletti)
  • XII Infantry Regiment (Marino Stamula)
  • Infantry Regiment XIII of 1790 (Giacomo Sarotti)
  • XIV Infantry Regiment of 1790 (Francesco Galli)
  • XV Infantry Regiment (Muzio)
  • XVI Infantry Regiment (Cortese)
  • XVII Infantry Regiment (Dondiroli)
  • XVIII Infantry Regiment (Larice)

The last four regiments were originally territorial units in Rovigo , Treviso , Padua and Verona , which were eventually taken over into the line and given the numbers 15 to 18.

Another eleven regiments consisted of so-called Schiavoni who were recruited in the colonies and were initially only used there and on ships, then also on the Terraferma . These associations, also known as “overseas regiments” ( oltremarini ), were named after their respective owners or their recruiting areas. In 1776 they had the following names: Bubich, Selich, Scutari, Sinj, Matutinovich, Craina, Minotto, Rado, Macedonia, Dandria, Bua.

In 1716 various German and Swiss foreign regiments were recruited to defend Corfu , from which Spain took over the three Swiss regiments Salis , Müller and Stokar in 1719.

The cavalry consisted of a cuirassier regiment , a dragoon regiment , two regiments of Croatian cavalry and a regiment of stratiots . These associations were most recently used primarily for security or police tasks.

In the field of artillery there were initially only units at company level, from 1770 onwards the Venetian artillery regiment . Parts of the regiment were also used at sea, most recently under Angelo Emo off Tunisia . The artillery also included a technical support regiment in the arsenal of Venice .

The small, founded in 1770 Genie troops had only smaller units.

See also

literature

  • Girolamo Dandolo: La caduta della Repubblica di Venezia ed i suoi ultimi cinquant'anni. Naratovich Editore, Venice 1855.
  • Federico Moro: Venice at war. The great battles of the Serenissima. Studio LT2, Venice 2007.

Web links